1866’da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en h\u0131zl\u0131 d\u00f6rt yelkenlisi, \u00c7in’den Londra’ya de\u011ferli bir \u00e7ay kargosunu teslim etmek i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek riskli bir yar\u0131\u015fa giri\u015ftiler. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak bilinen yar\u0131\u015f, \u00c7in ticareti tarihindeki en heyecan verici olaylardan biriydi.<\/p>\n\n
Yar\u0131\u015fmac\u0131lar Ariel, Taeping, Fiery Cross ve Serica’yd\u0131. Foochow’da ilk \u00e7ay kargosunu g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan John Keay taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen Ariel, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta hafif bir avantaja sahipti. Ancak deneyimli Dick Robinson taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen Fiery Cross, 1861, 1862, 1863 ve 1865 \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda birincilik kazanm\u0131\u015f, kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f bir galipti.<\/p>\n\n
Yar\u0131\u015f, 28 May\u0131s 1866’da Ariel’in Foochow’dan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131. Di\u011fer gemiler k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra onu takip etti. Klipler, Formoza’n\u0131n kuzey k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 dola\u015fmak i\u00e7in do\u011fuya do\u011fru yelken a\u00e7t\u0131lar, ard\u0131ndan g\u00fcneye do\u011fru y\u00f6neldiler. Yol boyunca tayfunlar, f\u0131rt\u0131nalar ve durgunluklar da dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n
B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131na kat\u0131lan yelkenliler, denizcilik mimarisinin harikalar\u0131yd\u0131. H\u0131z ve verimlilik i\u00e7in tasarland\u0131lar, ince g\u00f6vdeleri, y\u00fcksek direkleri ve geni\u015f yelken alanlar\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Ariel, 1866’da \u0130sko\u00e7ya’da in\u015fa edilmi\u015f yepyeni bir gemikti. 225 fit uzunlu\u011fundayd\u0131 ve 1.074 ton deplasmana sahipti. 32 topla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve 80 ki\u015filik bir m\u00fcrettebat ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
Taeping, 1863’te in\u015fa edilmi\u015f kompozit bir gemikti. Ariel’den biraz daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fc, 212 fit uzunlu\u011fundayd\u0131 ve 963 ton deplasmana sahipti. 28 topla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve 70 ki\u015filik bir m\u00fcrettebat ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
Fiery Cross, 1860’ta in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir kompozit gemikti. 190 fit uzunlu\u011funda ve 850 ton deplasman\u0131yla d\u00f6rt rakip aras\u0131ndaki en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyd\u00fc. 24 topla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve 60 ki\u015filik bir m\u00fcrettebat ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
Serica, 1864’te in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ah\u015fap bir gemikti. 925 ton deplasman\u0131yla d\u00f6rt geminin en hafif olan\u0131yd\u0131. 20 topla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve 55 ki\u015filik bir m\u00fcrettebat ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131na kat\u0131lan yelkenlilerin kaptanlar\u0131, zamanlar\u0131n\u0131n en yetenekli ve deneyimli denizcilerindendi.<\/p>\n\n
John Keay, cesur ve agresif bir denizci olarak \u00fcn salm\u0131\u015f \u0130ngiliz bir kaptand\u0131. \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kazanmaya kararl\u0131yd\u0131 ve m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na kadar zorlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Dick Robinson, so\u011fukkanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sa\u011flam eliyle tan\u0131nan \u0130sko\u00e7 bir kaptand\u0131. Bir taktik ustas\u0131yd\u0131 ve gemisinden ve m\u00fcrettebat\u0131ndan nas\u0131l en iyi \u015fekilde yararlanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 biliyordu.<\/p>\n\n
Taeping’e komuta eden Donald MacKinnon, \u0130sko\u00e7 bir kaptand\u0131. Usta bir navigat\u00f6rd\u00fc ve \u00c7in Denizi’ni avucunun i\u00e7i gibi biliyordu.<\/p>\n\n
Serica’y\u0131 komuta eden George Innes, \u0130ngiliz bir kaptand\u0131. Kat\u0131 bir disiplinciydi ve m\u00fcrettebat\u0131ndan her \u015feyi talep ediyordu.<\/p>\n\n
B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131, ba\u015ftan sona yak\u0131n ve heyecanl\u0131 bir yar\u0131\u015fmayd\u0131. D\u00f6rt gemi, yolun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde boyun e\u011fmez bir \u015fekilde yelken a\u00e7t\u0131 ve her gemi farkl\u0131 noktalarda liderli\u011fi ele ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n\n
Fiery Cross, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Ariel kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda elde etti\u011fi 14 saatlik avantaj\u0131 iyi kulland\u0131 ve \u00c7in Denizi’nden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fta Anjer’a Foochow’dan ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sadece 20 g\u00fcn sonra ula\u015ft\u0131. Taeping ve Ariel iki g\u00fcn geride kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve Serica ertesi g\u00fcn \u015fehri ge\u00e7emedi.<\/p>\n\n
Ancak Hint Okyanusu’ndaki ve \u00dcmit Burnu civar\u0131ndaki hava ko\u015fullar\u0131 durumu biraz e\u015fitledi; d\u00f6rt gemi de iyi zamanlar ge\u00e7irdi, Ariel tek g\u00fcnl\u00fck 317 millik bir ko\u015fu kaydetti ve Fiery Cross 328 mil kaydetti. Aziz Helena adas\u0131 ufukta belirdi\u011finde, MacKinnon’un Taeping’i Fiery Cross’a g\u00f6re 24 saatlik k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir avantaja sahipti, Ariel ve Serica ise bir g\u00fcn daha gerideydi.<\/p>\n\n
Gemiler Man\u015f Denizi’ne yakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a r\u00fczgar g\u00fcneydo\u011fudan uygun \u015fekilde esti. Klipler s\u0131raya girdi, Ariel ve Taeping yava\u015f yava\u015f Fiery Cross ve Serica’dan uzakla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
6 Eyl\u00fcl 1866’da Ariel ve Taeping, birbirlerini g\u00f6rerek Man\u015f Denizi’ne ula\u015ft\u0131lar. G\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde her iki gemi de 14 knot h\u0131zla kanala do\u011fru yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
6 Eyl\u00fcl sabah\u0131 saat sekizde Ariel, k\u0131y\u0131da g\u00f6zlemciler taraf\u0131ndan numaras\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faretlerken g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc ve on dakika ge\u00e7meden Taeping ikinci s\u0131ray\u0131 almak i\u00e7in ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Serica iki saatten daha az gerideyken, Fiery Cross talihsiz ve utan\u00e7 verici bir \u015fekilde 36 saat gerideydi.<\/p>\n\n
1866 B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u00c7in ticareti tarihinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir olayd\u0131. Yar\u0131\u015fa kat\u0131lan denizcilerin becerisine ve cesaretine ve yelken a\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131 kliplerin g\u00fczelli\u011fine ve g\u00fcc\u00fcne bir kan\u0131tt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Yar\u0131\u015f ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ay ticaretinin geli\u015fimi \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli bir etkiye sahip oldu. Her sezon Londra’ya gelen ilk \u00e7ay gemilerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, y\u0131l\u0131n geri kalan\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ay\u0131n fiyat\u0131n\u0131 belirledi. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131, Londra’ya gelen ilk gemilerin en h\u0131zl\u0131 ve en verimli olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu, bu da hem \u00e7ay t\u00fcccarlar\u0131na hem de t\u00fcketicilere fayda sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
1866 B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131, yelken tarihinin en heyecan verici olaylar\u0131ndan biri olarak bug\u00fcn hala hat\u0131rlanmaktad\u0131r. Kliplerin denizlere h\u00fckmetti\u011fi ve onlar\u0131 cesaretle yelken a\u00e7an cesur adamlar\u0131n g\u00fcnlerini hat\u0131rlatan bir olayd\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 1866 Yar\u0131\u015f 1866’da d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en h\u0131zl\u0131 d\u00f6rt yelkenlisi, \u00c7in’den Londra’ya de\u011ferli bir \u00e7ay kargosunu teslim etmek i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek riskli bir yar\u0131\u015fa giri\u015ftiler. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7ay Yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak bilinen…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23554,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[762],"tags":[20575,4933,20576],"class_list":["post-15444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-life-sciences","tag-tea-race","tag-maritime-history","tag-clipper-ships"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15444","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15444"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15444\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15445,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15444\/revisions\/15445"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23554"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15444"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15444"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}