{"id":15890,"date":"2020-03-15T13:48:30","date_gmt":"2020-03-15T13:48:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15890"},"modified":"2020-03-15T13:48:30","modified_gmt":"2020-03-15T13:48:30","slug":"climate-change-extinction-woolly-rhinoceros","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/science\/natural-history\/climate-change-extinction-woolly-rhinoceros\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, Avc\u0131l\u0131k De\u011fil, Y\u00fcnl\u00fc Gergedan\u0131 Yok Etmi\u015f Olabilir"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, Avc\u0131l\u0131k De\u011fil, Y\u00fcnl\u00fc Gergedan\u0131 Yok Etmi\u015f Olabilir<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bir Zamanlar Geli\u015fen Y\u00fcnl\u00fc Gergedan<\/h2>\n\n<p>Buz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ikonik bir yarat\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan, y\u00fczbinlerce y\u0131l boyunca D\u00fcnya&#8217;da dola\u015ft\u0131. Modern beyaz gergedanlarla boyut olarak kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilecek bu devasa ot\u00e7ullar, \u00f6zellikle Sibirya&#8217;da, kuzey Avrasya&#8217;n\u0131n so\u011fuk bozk\u0131r ekosisteminde ya\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ya\u015fayan gergedanlar\u0131n boynuzlar\u0131ndan daha ince ve b\u0131\u00e7ak gibi olan ay\u0131rt edici kavisli boynuzlar\u0131, kar\u0131 temizlemek ve dona kapl\u0131 bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcne eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Yok Olu\u015fun Gizemi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Yakla\u015f\u0131k 14.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan gizemli bir \u015fekilde fosil kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndan kayboldu. Geleneksel olarak, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu yok olu\u015fu, insan av\u0131n\u0131n bu hayvanlar\u0131 yok olu\u015funa s\u00fcr\u00fckledi\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcren &#8220;a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 avlanma hipotezi&#8221;ne ba\u011flad\u0131lar. Ancak, son genetik kan\u0131tlar bu teoriyi \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Genetik Bulgular<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bilim insanlar\u0131, mumyalanm\u0131\u015f bir bebek ve bir Buz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 yavrusunun midesinden al\u0131nan doku da dahil olmak \u00fczere 14 y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan \u00f6rne\u011finin mitokondriyal ve n\u00fckleer genomlar\u0131n\u0131 analiz ettiler. Genetik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve akrabal\u0131 yeti\u015ftirme seviyelerini inceleyerek, y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan pop\u00fclasyonunun, 18.500 ile 14.000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce h\u0131zl\u0131 bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fayana kadar stabil kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlediler.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Su\u00e7lu Olarak \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan\u0131n yok olu\u015f zamanlamas\u0131, B\u00f8lling-Aller\u00f8d interstadial\u0131 olarak bilinen \u00f6nemli bir iklim olay\u0131yla \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Bu h\u0131zl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nma d\u00f6nemi, buz tabakalar\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda eriyik suyun akmas\u0131na neden olarak deniz seviyesini yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 fit y\u00fckseltti. Bunun sonucunda olu\u015fan ya\u011f\u0131\u015f art\u0131\u015f\u0131, bozk\u0131r ekosistemini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan i\u00e7in daha az uygun hale getirmi\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kar ve Bitki \u00d6rt\u00fcs\u00fc Etkileri<\/h2>\n\n<p>Yo\u011fun kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131, y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedanlar\u0131n besin i\u00e7in g\u00fcvendikleri otlar\u0131 g\u00f6mebilir ve bu da a\u00e7l\u0131\u011fa yol a\u00e7abilir. Ayr\u0131ca, \u0131s\u0131nan iklim bozk\u0131r ekosistemini kademeli olarak \u00e7al\u0131l\u0131klara ve ormanlara kayd\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve gergedan\u0131n besin kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha da azaltm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Potansiyel Bir Fakt\u00f6r Olarak \u0130nsan Avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/h2>\n\n<p>Genetik kan\u0131tlar iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan\u0131n yok olu\u015funda bask\u0131n bir rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrse de, insan av\u0131 tamamen g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilemez. \u0130nsan avlanma yeteneklerinin, genetik verilerde yer almayan 4.500 y\u0131ll\u0131k bo\u015flukta kritik bir noktaya ula\u015fmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gelecek \u0130\u00e7in Dersler<\/h2>\n\n<p>Y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan\u0131n yok olu\u015fu, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin potansiyel etkileri i\u00e7in bir uyar\u0131c\u0131 niteli\u011findedir. H\u0131zl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nma, so\u011fuk iklime adapte olmu\u015f t\u00fcrler i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc besin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 bozabilir ve ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. T\u00fcrlerin yok olu\u015funa katk\u0131da bulunan karma\u015f\u0131k fakt\u00f6rleri anlayarak, bug\u00fcn iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin getirdi\u011fi zorluklara daha iyi haz\u0131rlanabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rma S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 ve Gelecek Y\u00f6nler<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada analiz edilen genetik veriler, y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan\u0131n yok olu\u015fu hakk\u0131nda de\u011ferli bilgiler sa\u011flarken, baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 da vard\u0131r. Gelecekteki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, gergedan\u0131n yok olu\u015funa giden son bin y\u0131llar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek kaliteli DNA i\u00e7eren daha yeni \u00f6rnekler eldemeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. Arkeolojik ve ekolojik veriler gibi di\u011fer sorgulama hatlar\u0131n\u0131 genetik kan\u0131tlarla birle\u015ftirerek ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu kadim t\u00fcr\u00fcn kaderini \u015fekillendiren fakt\u00f6rler hakk\u0131nda daha kapsaml\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015f kazanmay\u0131 umuyorlar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, Avc\u0131l\u0131k De\u011fil, Y\u00fcnl\u00fc Gergedan\u0131 Yok Etmi\u015f Olabilir Bir Zamanlar Geli\u015fen Y\u00fcnl\u00fc Gergedan Buz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n ikonik bir yarat\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan y\u00fcnl\u00fc gergedan, y\u00fczbinlerce y\u0131l boyunca D\u00fcnya&#8217;da dola\u015ft\u0131. Modern beyaz gergedanlarla&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[244],"tags":[188,34,137,400,21107],"class_list":["post-15890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-natural-history","tag-genetics","tag-climate-change","tag-paleontology","tag-extinction","tag-woolly-rhinoceros"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15890"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15891,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15890\/revisions\/15891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}