Science dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar vah\u015fi di\u015fi \u015fempanzelerde ilk kez menopozu belgeledi. Adet d\u00f6ng\u00fclerinin do\u011fal sonu olan menopoz, daha \u00f6nce yaln\u0131zca insanlarda ve birka\u00e7 di\u015fli balina t\u00fcr\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu bilinmekteydi.<\/p>\n\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, Uganda’n\u0131n Kibale Ulusal Park\u0131’nda 185 di\u015fi \u015fempanzeyi 21 y\u0131l boyunca takip etti. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, hayvanlar 30 ya\u015f\u0131na geldikten sonra do\u011furganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hi\u00e7biri 50 ya\u015f\u0131ndan sonra do\u011fum yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 buldu.<\/p>\n\n
Menopoz sonras\u0131 \u015fempanzelerde hormon seviyeleri de de\u011fi\u015fti ve insanlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri yans\u0131tt\u0131. Follik\u00fcl uyar\u0131c\u0131 hormon ve luteinize edici hormon seviyeleri artt\u0131, \u00f6strojen ve progesteron seviyeleri ise azald\u0131. Bu hormonal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, menopozun \u015fempanzelerde yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 ya\u015f\u0131nda \u00fcremeyi sonland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, avc\u0131lar\u0131n yoklu\u011fu ve bol miktarda yiyecek nedeniyle daha uzun ya\u015fayan Ngogo \u015fempanzelerine \u00f6zg\u00fc olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Ngogo \u015fempanzeleri, di\u011fer gruplara g\u00f6re daha kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n
Alternatif olarak, ormanc\u0131l\u0131k ve bula\u015fan hastal\u0131klar gibi insan etkileri hayvanlar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131n\u0131 etkilemeden \u00f6nce menopoz \u015fempanzelerde daha yayg\u0131n olabilir.<\/p>\n\n
Bulgular, baz\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131n yavrular\u0131n\u0131n yavrular\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fctmelerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in \u00fcreme y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7irmelerini \u00f6ne s\u00fcren “b\u00fcy\u00fckanne hipotezi”ni \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyor. \u015eempanzelerde bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u0131zlar\u0131yla birlikte ya\u015famazlar.<\/p>\n\n
Bunun yerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, ya\u015fl\u0131 di\u015filerin daha gen\u00e7 di\u015filerle \u00fcreme \u015fans\u0131 i\u00e7in rekabet etmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in \u00fcremeyi b\u0131rakabileceklerini \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar. Bu “akraba rekabeti hipotezi”, menopozun grup i\u00e7indeki rekabeti azaltmak i\u00e7in evrimle\u015fti\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, insanlar\u0131n ve \u015fempanzelerin son ortak atas\u0131n\u0131n menopozdan ge\u00e7mi\u015f olabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Menopozun nas\u0131l evrimle\u015fti\u011fi hakk\u0131nda daha iyi bir fikir edinmek i\u00e7in bilim insanlar\u0131, bunun farkl\u0131 \u015fempanze topluluklar\u0131nda ne kadar yayg\u0131n oldu\u011funu ve \u015fempanzelerle birlikte insanlar\u0131n en yak\u0131n ya\u015fayan akrabalar\u0131 olan bonobolar\u0131n da \u00fcremeyi b\u0131rakt\u0131ktan sonra uzun s\u00fcre ya\u015fay\u0131p ya\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyebilirler.<\/p>\n\n
Vah\u015fi \u015fempanzelerde menopozun ke\u015ffi, bu fenomenin evrimi ve primatlarda sosyal ve \u00fcreme stratejilerini \u015fekillendirmede oynayabilece\u011fi potansiyel rol hakk\u0131nda yeni bilgiler sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca, hayvan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ve fizyolojisinin karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in uzun vadeli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Vah\u015fi \u015eempanzelerde Menopoz: Yeni Bir Ke\u015fif Hormonal De\u011fi\u015fimler ve \u00dcreme Fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n Azalmas\u0131 Science dergisinde yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar vah\u015fi di\u015fi \u015fempanzelerde ilk kez menopozu belgeledi. Adet d\u00f6ng\u00fclerinin do\u011fal…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21407],"tags":[136,309,16088,1591,1038],"class_list":["post-16154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-biology","tag-evolution","tag-animal-behavior","tag-menopause","tag-primatology","tag-chimpanzees"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16154"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16155,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16154\/revisions\/16155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}