{"id":16323,"date":"2020-07-06T06:21:47","date_gmt":"2020-07-06T06:21:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16323"},"modified":"2020-07-06T06:21:47","modified_gmt":"2020-07-06T06:21:47","slug":"polydactyly-in-chaco-canyon-a-revered-trait-among-the-ancestral-puebloans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/science\/anthropology\/polydactyly-in-chaco-canyon-a-revered-trait-among-the-ancestral-puebloans\/","title":{"rendered":"Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;nda Polidaktili: Atalar Pueblo&#8217;larda Sayg\u0131 Duyulan Bir \u00d6zellik"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;nda Polidaktili: Atalar Pueblo&#8217;lar Aras\u0131nda Sayg\u0131 Duyulan Bir \u00d6zellik<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;nun Gizemi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kuzeybat\u0131 New Mexico&#8217;da yer alan gizemli bir arkeolojik alan olan Chaco Kanyonu, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 uzun s\u00fcredir \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmaktad\u0131r. Su ve ekilebilir arazinin k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ra\u011fmen, MS 800&#8217;lerin ortalar\u0131nda geli\u015fen bir Pueblo k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn merkezi haline gelmi\u015ftir. Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;nun en ilgi \u00e7ekici y\u00f6nlerinden biri, sakinlerinin ekstra parmak veya ayak parmaklar\u0131na sahip insanlara, yani polidaktili olarak bilinen bir duruma sahip olmalar\u0131na duyduklar\u0131 sayg\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Polidaktili: Ortak Bir \u00d6zellik<\/h2>\n\n<p>Antropolog Patricia Crown&#8217;un ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, polidaktilinin Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;ndaki Atalar Pueblo&#8217;lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Amerikan Yerli n\u00fcfusuna g\u00f6re \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha yayg\u0131n oldu\u011funu ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Kanyonda bir alan olan Pueblo Bonito&#8217;dan incelenen 96 iskeletten \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnde sa\u011f ayaklar\u0131nda fazladan bir parmak bulunmu\u015ftur. %3,1&#8217;lik bu oran, polidaktilinin tipik %0,2&#8217;lik g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rit\u00fcel \u00d6nemi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Polidaktilili bireylerin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na \u00f6zel bir sayg\u0131yla davran\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u0131kl\u0131kla rit\u00fcel odalar\u0131na veya yak\u0131nlar\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fclm\u00fc\u015flerdir ve bir bireyin fazladan parma\u011f\u0131n bulundu\u011fu aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bile\u011finde s\u00fcsl\u00fc bir bileklik bile bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu, fazladan parmaklar\u0131n Pueblo toplulu\u011fu i\u00e7inde y\u00fcksek stat\u00fc ve \u00f6nemle ili\u015fkilendirildi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chaco&#8217;nun \u00d6tesinde Polidaktili<\/h2>\n\n<p>Atalar Pueblo&#8217;lar\u0131n polidaktiliye olan ilgisi Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;nun \u00f6tesine uzanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Doktor Maureen Hirthler ve el cerrah\u0131 Richard Hutchison, g\u00fcneybat\u0131daki D\u00f6rt K\u00f6\u015fe b\u00f6lgesi boyunca polidaktili el ve ayaklar\u0131n resimlerini belgelemi\u015flerdir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda Colorado&#8217;daki Sand Canyon; Arizona&#8217;daki Tapia del Cerrito, Sedona; Teksas&#8217;taki Lewis Canyon; ve New Mexico ve Utah&#8217;taki \u00e7e\u015fitli yerler bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c7evresel Nedenler<\/h2>\n\n<p>Do\u011fu New Mexico \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nden biyolojik antropolog Kerriann Marden, \u00e7evresel fakt\u00f6rlerin Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;nda polidaktilinin y\u00fcksek g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015f olabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedir. B\u00f6lge uranyum yataklar\u0131 ile bilinmekte ve hamilelik s\u0131ras\u0131nda tehlikeli maddelere veya diyet bile\u015fenlerine maruz kalmak fazladan parmaklara yol a\u00e7an mutasyonlar\u0131 tetiklemi\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Etkiler<\/h2>\n\n<p>Atalar Pueblo&#8217;lar aras\u0131nda polidaktilili ki\u015filere duyulan sayg\u0131, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel inan\u00e7lar\u0131 ve de\u011ferleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermektedir. \u00c7e\u015fitlili\u011fi benimsediklerini ve fiziksel anormallikleri ayr\u0131cal\u0131k ve \u00f6nem belirtileri olarak alg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Dahas\u0131, fazladan parmaklar\u0131n y\u00fcksek stat\u00fc ve rit\u00fcel uygulamalarla ili\u015fkilendirilmesi, fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerin sosyal hiyerar\u015filerindeki \u00f6nemini vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Turkuaz\u0131n \u00d6nemi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Atalar Pueblo&#8217;lar aras\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a de\u011ferli bir mineral olan turkuaz, polidaktili ile ilgili rit\u00fcellerde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ekstra parmak ayak parmaklar\u0131na sahip bireyler genellikle turkuaz m\u00fccevherler takarken tasvir edilmi\u015ftir ve kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla birlikte turkuaz objeler bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu, turkuaz\u0131n polidaktili ile ili\u015fkilendirilen spirit\u00fcel g\u00fc\u00e7 ve stat\u00fcy\u00fc art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ge\u00e7mi\u015fe Bir Pencere Olarak Polidaktili<\/h2>\n\n<p>Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;nda polidaktilinin incelenmesi, Atalar Pueblo&#8217;lar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendiren k\u00fclt\u00fcrel uygulamalar\u0131, inan\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00e7evresel etkileri ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in e\u015fsiz bir f\u0131rsat sunmaktad\u0131r. Arkeolojik kan\u0131tlar\u0131 inceleyerek ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ba\u011flam\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici ve gizemli toplum hakk\u0131nda daha derin bir anlay\u0131\u015fa kavu\u015fabilirler.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;nda Polidaktili: Atalar Pueblo&#8217;lar Aras\u0131nda Sayg\u0131 Duyulan Bir \u00d6zellik Chaco Kanyonu&#8217;nun Gizemi Kuzeybat\u0131 New Mexico&#8217;da yer alan gizemli bir arkeolojik alan olan Chaco Kanyonu, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 uzun s\u00fcredir \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmaktad\u0131r. Su&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[15865,88,7219,21649,21648,21650,1727,21651],"class_list":["post-16323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anthropology","tag-ancestral-puebloans","tag-archaeology","tag-chaco-canyon","tag-environmental-influences","tag-cultural-practices","tag-polydactyly","tag-rituals","tag-turquoise"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16323"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16323\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16324,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16323\/revisions\/16324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}