{"id":17995,"date":"2021-07-28T00:06:22","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T00:06:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17995"},"modified":"2021-07-28T00:06:22","modified_gmt":"2021-07-28T00:06:22","slug":"animal-behavior-wild-things-life-as-we-know-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/science\/zoology\/animal-behavior-wild-things-life-as-we-know-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Vah\u015fi D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Gizemlerini Ke\u015ffedin: Hayvan Davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda Yeni Ke\u015fifler"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hayvan Davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131: Vah\u015fi Varl\u0131klar, Hayat Bildi\u011fimiz Gibi<\/h2>\n\n

Maymun Konu\u015fmalar\u0131: Maymunlar \u0130leti\u015fim Kurmak \u0130\u00e7in Kelimeleri Birle\u015ftiriyor<\/h2>\n\n

St. Andrews \u00dcniversitesi’nden bilim insanlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an bir ke\u015fifte bulundular: Maymunlar daha karma\u015f\u0131k mesajlar iletmek i\u00e7in kelimeleri bir araya getirebiliyor. Nijerya’daki a\u011fa\u00e7ta ya\u015fayan k\u00f6m\u00fcr burunlu maymunlar\u0131 inceleyen ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, maymunlar\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bir tehdit hakk\u0131nda bir uyar\u0131 olan “pyow” ve yukar\u0131da bir tehdit hakk\u0131nda bir uyar\u0131 olan “hack” kelimelerini birle\u015ftirerek yeni, acil bir mesaj olu\u015fturduklar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffettiler: Hemen ka\u00e7! Bu bulgu, maymunlar\u0131n ileti\u015fimleri do\u011fu\u015ftan de\u011fil \u00f6\u011frenilmi\u015fse, ilkel bir dil bi\u00e7imine sahip olabileceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n

Benekli Kertenkelelerde Fedakarl\u0131k<\/h2>\n\n

Fedakarl\u0131k veya \u00f6zverili davran\u0131\u015f, hayvanlarda kafa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6zelliktir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc genellikle \u00e7iftle\u015fme f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131n kaybedilmesiyle sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r. Kaliforniya \u00dcniversitesi, Santa Cruz’daki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, zigonofid kertenkele gibi bir t\u00fcr\u00fcn bu zorlu\u011fun \u00fcstesinden nas\u0131l geldi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, erkek zigonofid kertenkelelerin ba\u015fkalar\u0131ndaki fedakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve yaln\u0131zca bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi payla\u015fanlar\u0131 savunmaya geldiklerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu davran\u0131\u015f, yard\u0131msever kertenkelelerin genlerini aktarmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar\u0131 savunmaya istekli m\u00fcttefikleri varsa hayatta kalma ve \u00fcreme olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n\n

Deniz Anemonlar\u0131n\u0131n Sokmalar\u0131: Do\u011fan\u0131n En H\u0131zl\u0131 H\u00fccresel S\u00fcreci<\/h2>\n\n

Deniz anemonlar\u0131, avlar\u0131n\u0131 an\u0131nda fel\u00e7 edebilen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc i\u011fneli b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici yarat\u0131klard\u0131r. Almanya’daki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, i\u011fnelerin sadece 700 nanosaniyede s\u0131f\u0131rdan 80 mil\/saate h\u0131zland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yani bir yar\u0131\u015f arabas\u0131ndan bir milyon kat daha h\u0131zl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffettiler. Bu inan\u0131lmaz h\u0131z, deniz anemonunun i\u011fnesini do\u011fadaki en h\u0131zl\u0131 h\u00fccresel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerden biri yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n

Su Yenge\u00e7leri Karaya Uyum Sa\u011fl\u0131yor<\/h2>\n\n

Yenge\u00e7ler tipik olarak sucul ortamlarla ili\u015fkilendirilir, ancak baz\u0131 t\u00fcrler karada ya\u015fama uyum sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir t\u00fcr kara yengecidir. Kabuklar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdikten sonra, su yenge\u00e7leri yeni, ince kabuklar\u0131n\u0131 sabitlemek i\u00e7in suyla dolarlar. Bununla birlikte, kara yenge\u00e7leri kabuklar\u0131n\u0131 bunun yerine hava ile doldurmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan benzersiz bir adaptasyon geli\u015ftirdiler. Bu adaptasyon, karasal bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015flerinde etkili olmu\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n\n

Thyrohyrax: Hyraxlar\u0131n Eski Atas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Thyrohyrax, yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce Orta Do\u011fu’dan g\u00fcney Afrika’ya kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f eski bir memeliydi. Uzun, muz \u015feklinde k\u0131vr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alt \u00e7eneleri nedeniyle ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta di\u015fi bir hyrax oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Bununla birlikte, Duke Lemur Merkezi’ndeki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, fosille\u015fmi\u015f di\u015f kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 inceledikten sonra cinsel kimli\u011fini yeniden belirlediler.<\/p>\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, uzun alt \u00e7enelerin, di\u015filerden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck alt kesici di\u015flere sahip olan erkek Thyrohyrax’a ait oldu\u011fu sonucuna vard\u0131lar. Erkeklerin al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k \u00e7ene kemi\u011finde ayr\u0131ca her iki taraf\u0131nda birer tane olmak \u00fczere i\u00e7i bo\u015f bir oda vard\u0131; bu oda kur s\u0131ras\u0131nda ses \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilir. E\u011fer \u00f6yleyse, Thyrohyrax, b\u00f6ylesine \u00f6zel bir ses ayg\u0131t\u0131na sahip bilinen tek memeli olurdu.<\/p>\n\n

E\u015fsiz adaptasyonlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Thyrohyrax \u00f6zellikle ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir t\u00fcr de\u011fildi ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce nesli t\u00fckendi. Torunlar\u0131 ayn\u0131 \u00e7eneye veya odaya sahip de\u011fildir ve bu da bu \u00f6zelliklerin hayatta kalmak i\u00e7in avantajl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hayvan Davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131: Vah\u015fi Varl\u0131klar, Hayat Bildi\u011fimiz Gibi Maymun Konu\u015fmalar\u0131: Maymunlar \u0130leti\u015fim Kurmak \u0130\u00e7in Kelimeleri Birle\u015ftiriyor St. Andrews \u00dcniversitesi’nden bilim insanlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an bir ke\u015fifte bulundular: Maymunlar daha karma\u015f\u0131k mesajlar iletmek…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[23569,141,136,309,5789,7211,23568,23570],"class_list":["post-17995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-aquatic-crabs","tag-natural-history","tag-evolution","tag-animal-behavior","tag-animal-communication","tag-altruism","tag-sea-anemone-stings","tag-thyrohyrax"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17995","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17995"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17995\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17996,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17995\/revisions\/17996"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17995"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}