{"id":18008,"date":"2022-05-03T04:40:42","date_gmt":"2022-05-03T04:40:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18008"},"modified":"2022-05-03T04:40:42","modified_gmt":"2022-05-03T04:40:42","slug":"first-flybys-of-planets-in-the-solar-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/science\/astronomy-and-space-science\/first-flybys-of-planets-in-the-solar-system\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemindeki Her Gezegenin \u0130lk U\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131ndan 7 S\u00fcrpriz"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcne\u015f Sistemindeki Her Gezegenin \u0130lk U\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131ndan Yedi S\u00fcrpriz<\/h2>\n\n

Ven\u00fcs: Kavurucu S\u0131cak Kom\u015fu<\/h2>\n\n

1962’de Mariner 2, Ven\u00fcs’\u00fcn kavurucu 930 derece Fahrenheit y\u00fczey s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve yo\u011fun karbondioksit atmosferini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan ilk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 gezegen u\u00e7u\u015funa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu ke\u015fif, Ven\u00fcs’te y\u00fczey ya\u015fam\u0131 bulma umutlar\u0131n\u0131 suya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc ancak gelecekteki detayl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara zemin haz\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n

Mars: K\u0131z\u0131l Gezegenin Iss\u0131z Manzaras\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir giri\u015fimin ard\u0131ndan Mariner 4, 1965’te Mars’\u0131n yan\u0131ndan ba\u015far\u0131yla u\u00e7tu ve ba\u015fka bir d\u00fcnyadan ilk derin uzay g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini yakalad\u0131. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler, modern Mars’ta olas\u0131 ya\u015fam hakk\u0131ndaki uzun s\u00fcredir devam eden inan\u0131\u015flara meydan okuyan, \u0131ss\u0131z, kraterlerle dolu bir araziyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Mariner 4 ayr\u0131ca Mars’\u0131n -148 derece Fahrenheit’lik so\u011fuk g\u00fcnd\u00fcz s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve onu radyasyona kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131z b\u0131rakan manyetik alan\u0131n yoklu\u011funu da belirledi.<\/p>\n\n

J\u00fcpiter: B\u00fcy\u00fck K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Noktaya Sahip Dev<\/h2>\n\n

Pioneer 10’un 1973’teki J\u00fcpiter u\u00e7u\u015fu, gaz devinin ve uydular\u0131n\u0131n 500’den fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcretti. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler, J\u00fcpiter’in D\u00fcnya’dan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck devasa bir f\u0131rt\u0131na olan ikonik B\u00fcy\u00fck K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Noktas\u0131n\u0131 sergiledi. Pioneer 10 ayr\u0131ca J\u00fcpiter’in Sat\u00fcrn’\u00fcn y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine kadar uzanan devasa manyetik “kuyru\u011funu” da ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n\n

Merk\u00fcr: Kraterli Ay Benzeri D\u00fcnya<\/h2>\n\n

Mariner 10, y\u00f6r\u00fcngesini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yer\u00e7ekimi sapan manevras\u0131 kullanarak 1974’te Merk\u00fcr’\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7 u\u00e7u\u015funu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi. U\u00e7u\u015flar, Merk\u00fcr’\u00fcn kraterli Ay benzeri y\u00fczeyini, ince atmosferini, zay\u0131f manyetik alan\u0131n\u0131 ve demir a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin \u00e7ekirde\u011fini do\u011frulad\u0131. Ancak Mariner 10, Merk\u00fcr y\u00fczeyinin yaln\u0131zca %40’\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcledi.<\/p>\n\n

Sat\u00fcrn: Yeni Bir Uyduya Sahip Halkal\u0131 Gezegen<\/h2>\n\n

Pioneer 11’in 1979’daki Sat\u00fcrn u\u00e7u\u015fu, dar F halkas\u0131n\u0131 ve 124 mil geni\u015fli\u011finde yeni ke\u015ffedilen bir uyduyu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Uzay arac\u0131, Sat\u00fcrn’\u00fcn \u00e7o\u011funlukla s\u0131v\u0131 hidrojenden olu\u015ftu\u011funu ve -292 derece Fahrenheit’lik so\u011fuk bir s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa sahip oldu\u011funu belirledi. Pioneer 11’in verileri, Cassini uzay arac\u0131n\u0131n Sat\u00fcrn ve uydular\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki sonraki ke\u015fifleri i\u00e7in temel olu\u015fturdu.<\/p>\n\n

Uran\u00fcs ve Nept\u00fcn: Ke\u015ffedilen Buz Devleri<\/h2>\n\n

Voyager 2, Uran\u00fcs ve Nept\u00fcn’\u00fc ziyaret etmek i\u00e7in nadir bir gezegensel hizalamadan yararlanarak g\u00fcne\u015f sisteminin bir “B\u00fcy\u00fck Turu”na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Voyager 2, Uran\u00fcs’te 11 yeni uydu ke\u015ffetti ve tuhaf, mantar \u015feklinde manyetik alan\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc. Nept\u00fcn’de uzay arac\u0131, J\u00fcpiter’in B\u00fcy\u00fck K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Noktas\u0131na benzer bir B\u00fcy\u00fck Karanl\u0131k Nokta ve alt\u0131 yeni uydu ke\u015ffetti. Voyager 2 ayr\u0131ca, aktif gayzerleri ve kutup buzullar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan Nept\u00fcn’\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck uydusu Triton’un yan\u0131ndan u\u00e7tu.<\/p>\n\n

Ceres: Gizemli Parlak Noktalara Sahip C\u00fcce Gezegen<\/h2>\n\n

2007’de f\u0131rlat\u0131lan Dawn, asteroit ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck nesne olan Ceres de dahil olmak \u00fczere iki g\u00f6k cismi y\u00f6r\u00fcngesine giren ilk uzay arac\u0131 oldu. Dawn’\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 ve y\u00f6r\u00fcnge \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Ceres’in y\u00fczeyinde gizemli parlak noktalar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131, bunlar\u0131n buz veya ba\u015fka y\u00fcksek oranda yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 malzeme oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Dawn, Ceres’in y\u00f6r\u00fcngesinde daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck irtifalarda seyretmeye, y\u00fczeyini haritalamaya ve bilimsel veri toplamaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n

U\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131n Miras\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

U\u00e7u\u015flar, g\u00fcne\u015f sistemini anlamam\u0131zda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131. Bunlar:<\/p>\n\n