1802’de, tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 Lord Elgin’e ait H.M.S. Mentor adl\u0131 bir gemi, Yunanistan k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda batt\u0131 ve Parthenon ve di\u011fer Yunan miras alanlar\u0131ndan ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015f bir eser hazinesi ta\u015f\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
200 y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre sonra, deniz arkeologlar\u0131 bat\u0131\u011f\u0131 ke\u015ffederek alt\u0131n tak\u0131lar, pi\u015firme kaplar\u0131, satran\u00e7 ta\u015flar\u0131 ve orijinal kargoyla ili\u015fkili di\u011fer e\u015fyalar da dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7ok say\u0131da yeni eser \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’na \u0130ngiliz b\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi olan Lord Elgin, Mentor’u eserleri B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya’ya ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendirdi. Eylemleri, bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin onu Atina’dan de\u011ferli antikalar\u0131 ya\u011fmalamakla su\u00e7lamas\u0131yla bir tart\u0131\u015fma kayna\u011f\u0131 olmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n
Elgin, eserleri kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in izin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etti, ancak eylemlerinin yasall\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Kaz\u0131lar\u0131 Parthenon’a ciddi \u015fekilde zarar verdi ve o d\u00f6nemde antikac\u0131lar\u0131n itirazlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Mentor, yolculu\u011funa devam etmeden \u00f6nce yana\u015fmas\u0131 gereken Malta’ya giderken batt\u0131. T\u00fcm yolcular ve m\u00fcrettebat hayatta kald\u0131, ancak de\u011ferli kargo – en az\u0131ndan ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta – kayboldu.<\/p>\n\n
Elgin, daha sonra British Museum’da bulunan \u00fcnl\u00fc Parthenon Mermerleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere eserlerin \u00e7o\u011funu sonraki kurtarma g\u00f6revlerinde kurtard\u0131. Ancak ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bat\u0131k gemide ek eserlerin s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p kald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan uzun s\u00fcredir \u015f\u00fcpheleniyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
2009’dan bu yana, su alt\u0131 arkeologlar\u0131 Elgin’in kurtar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserleri aramak i\u00e7in Mentor bat\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgesinde y\u0131ll\u0131k kaz\u0131lar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyorlar. \u00d6nceki ke\u015fifler, geminin yolcular\u0131n\u0131n ve m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra M\u0131s\u0131r heykellerinin par\u00e7alar\u0131 ve antik nakliye kavanozlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Bu y\u0131lki buluntular aras\u0131nda bir alt\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00fck, alt\u0131n k\u00fcpeler, bir pi\u015firme e\u015fyas\u0131 ve ah\u015fap makaralar yer al\u0131yor. Yeni ke\u015ffedilen bu hazineler, geminin i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve gemidekilerin ya\u015fam\u0131 hakk\u0131nda de\u011ferli bilgiler sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n
Yeni ke\u015ffedilen eserler Yunan h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin m\u00fclkiyetinde ancak Elgin Mermerleri’nin durumu bir \u00e7eki\u015fme noktas\u0131 olmaya devam ediyor. Hem B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya hem de Yunanistan frizlerin m\u00fclkiyetini talep ediyor.<\/p>\n\n
Yunanistan, mermerlerin Atina’dan yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hakl\u0131 sahiplerine iade edilmesi gerekti\u011fini savunuyor. B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya, Elgin’in eserleri yasal olarak edindi\u011fini ve bunlar\u0131n art\u0131k British Museum koleksiyonunun \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011funu savunuyor.<\/p>\n\n
Elgin’in Parthenon’dan 247 fit uzunlu\u011funda oyma friz, 15 metop ve 17 fig\u00fcr\u00fc kald\u0131rmas\u0131, bir\u00e7ok \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f aras\u0131nda \u00f6fkeye neden oldu. Devasa proje Elgin’i iflas ettirdi ve daha sonra koleksiyonu \u0130ngiliz h\u00fck\u00fcmetine satt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Bilgin Izidor Janzekovic, Elgin’in \u00e7a\u011fda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bile onun eylemlerini tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 buldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Bir\u00e7o\u011fu, daha fazla hasar korkusuyla y\u0131pranan Parthenon’dan eserlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Sanat tarih\u00e7isi Mary Beard, Elgin’in motiflerinin karma\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Baz\u0131lar\u0131, mermerleri sat\u0131n alarak ailesinin itibar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131rken, di\u011ferleri onun ger\u00e7ekten onlar\u0131 korumaya adand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunuyor.<\/p>\n\n
2009’da Yunanistan, Parthenon’un yak\u0131n\u0131nda, frizin eksik b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri i\u00e7in ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alanlar\u0131 olan bir m\u00fcze a\u00e7t\u0131. Daha yak\u0131n zamanda Yunanistan, Yunan Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n 200. y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 kutlamak i\u00e7in British Museum ile ge\u00e7ici bir de\u011fi\u015fim \u00f6nerdi.<\/p>\n\n
Yunanistan, daha \u00f6nce \u00fclkeden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na asla izin verilmeyen \u00e7e\u015fitli eserleri, mermerlerin ge\u00e7ici bir \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 verilmesi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda takas etmeyi teklif etti. British Museum talebi de\u011ferlendirmeye istekli oldu\u011funu ifade etti, ancak herhangi bir somut taahh\u00fctte bulunmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Elgin Mermerleri hakk\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fma, kolay bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeden Yunanistan ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Britanya aras\u0131nda hararetle devam ediyor. Mentor bat\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yeni ke\u015ffedilen hazineler, bu ikonik eserleri \u00e7evreleyen karma\u015f\u0131k tarih ve s\u00fcregelen tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Elgin Mermerlerinin Batt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Gemiden Yeni Ke\u015ffedilen Hazine 1802’de, tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 Lord Elgin’e ait H.M.S. Mentor adl\u0131 bir gemi, Yunanistan k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda batt\u0131 ve Parthenon ve di\u011fer Yunan miras alanlar\u0131ndan ya\u011fmalanm\u0131\u015f bir eser…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24018,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4312],"tags":[2313,88,6310,23587,23586,89,1293,104],"class_list":["post-18013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archaeological-art","tag-ancient-greece","tag-archaeology","tag-shipwreck","tag-sunken-treasure","tag-elgin-marbles","tag-cultural-heritage","tag-marine-archaeology","tag-art-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18013"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18013\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18014,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18013\/revisions\/18014"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24018"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18013"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18013"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}