{"id":18578,"date":"2021-02-14T11:04:35","date_gmt":"2021-02-14T11:04:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18578"},"modified":"2021-02-14T11:04:35","modified_gmt":"2021-02-14T11:04:35","slug":"sea-lampreys-threat-to-great-lakes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/science\/ecology\/sea-lampreys-threat-to-great-lakes\/","title":{"rendered":"Deniz Alabal\u0131klar\u0131: B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller i\u00e7in S\u00fcrekli Bir Tehdit"},"content":{"rendered":"

Deniz Alabal\u0131klar\u0131: B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller \u0130\u00e7in S\u00fcrekli Bir Tehdit<\/h2>\n\n

\u0130stilac\u0131 Kan Emciler<\/h2>\n\n

Atlantik Okyanusu’na \u00f6zg\u00fc parazit bal\u0131klar olan deniz alabal\u0131klar\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller ekosistemi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehdit haline geldi. \u0130lk olarak 1800’lerde nakliye kanallar\u0131yla g\u00f6llere getirilmi\u015flerdir ve o zamandan beri t\u00fcm sistem boyunca yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 Etkiler<\/h2>\n\n

Deniz alabal\u0131klar\u0131, vantuz a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak bal\u0131klara yap\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve keskin dilleriyle etlerini s\u0131y\u0131r\u0131r, kanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve v\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 besin olarak kullan\u0131r. Tek bir deniz alabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131lda 40 pound’a kadar bal\u0131k \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilir. Obur beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle alabal\u0131k ve beyaz bal\u0131k olmak \u00fczere B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller’deki bal\u0131k pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 harap etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n

Pop\u00fclasyon Kontrol Zorluklar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

1958’den bu yana Great Lakes Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Komisyonu, deniz alabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonuyla m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir kontrol program\u0131 uygulad\u0131. Deniz alabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 larvalar\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemek \u00fczere \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir b\u00f6cek ilac\u0131 olan Lamprisit, say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in tuzaklar ve bariyerlerle birlikte kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7abalar, B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller havzas\u0131ndaki deniz alabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonunu %90-95 oran\u0131nda azaltmada ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n

COVID-19 Kesintisi<\/h2>\n\n

COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda seyahat k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131, Lamprisit ve di\u011fer kontrol \u00f6nlemlerinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015f ve deniz alabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonunda bir canlanmaya yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu art\u0131\u015f, hayvanlar\u0131n \u00fcreme d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcndeki iki y\u0131ll\u0131k gecikme nedeniyle 2022’de belirginle\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n

S\u00fcregelen Kontrol \u00c7abalar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

COVID-19’un getirdi\u011fi zorluklara ra\u011fmen, Great Lakes Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Komisyonu 2022 ve 2023 y\u0131llar\u0131nda agresif kontrol program\u0131n\u0131 yeniden ba\u015flatt\u0131. Son n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici bir art\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu ve kontrol \u00f6nlemlerinin deniz alabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonunu kontrol alt\u0131nda tutmaya devam edece\u011fini umuyorlar.<\/p>\n\n

Yerel Menzilindeki Ekolojik Rol<\/h2>\n\n

Do\u011fal Atlantik Okyanusu habitatlar\u0131nda deniz alabal\u0131klar\u0131, kilit t\u00fcrler ve ekosistem m\u00fchendisleri olarak faydal\u0131 bir rol oynarlar. Hem sucul hem de karasal ekosistemleri desteklerler, di\u011fer canl\u0131lara yiyecek sa\u011flarlar ve bal\u0131klar i\u00e7in \u00fcreme alanlar\u0131 olu\u015ftururlar. Larvalar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca su kalitesini korumaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n\n

Evrimsel Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k<\/h2>\n\n

Deniz alabal\u0131klar\u0131, D\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde 340 milyon y\u0131ldan fazla s\u00fcredir varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve d\u00f6rt b\u00fcy\u00fck yok olu\u015f olay\u0131ndan kurtulmu\u015ftur. Evrimle\u015ftiklerinden bu yana b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fmeden kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r, bu da dikkat \u00e7ekici evrimsel dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller’deki Tarihsel Yay\u0131l\u0131m<\/h2>\n\n

Deniz alabal\u0131klar\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller’de ilk olarak 1835 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ontario G\u00f6l\u00fc’nde belgelenmi\u015ftir. Niagara \u015eelalesi ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yay\u0131lmalar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 do\u011fal bir engel g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ancak Welland Kanal\u0131’n\u0131n 1938’deki iyile\u015ftirmeleri, \u015felaleleri a\u015fmalar\u0131na ve t\u00fcm sistemi istila etmelerine olanak tan\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1960’lara gelindi\u011finde deniz alabal\u0131klar\u0131, Yukar\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller’in alabal\u0131k avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 harap etmi\u015f, g\u00f6l alabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 av\u0131n\u0131 15 milyon pound’dan sadece yar\u0131m milyon pound’a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n

Ekonomik Etkiler<\/h2>\n\n

Deniz alabal\u0131klar\u0131 nedeniyle bal\u0131k pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k end\u00fcstrisi \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli bir ekonomik etkiye sahip olmu\u015ftur. Kontrol \u00e7abalar\u0131yla bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k ekonomisinde bir canlanmaya yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve hem ticari hem de amat\u00f6r bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lara fayda sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

S\u00fcrekli Uyan\u0131kl\u0131k<\/h2>\n\n

Great Lakes Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Komisyonu, deniz alabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonunun kontrol edilmesinde \u00f6nemli ilerleme kaydetmi\u015f olsa da, gelecekteki salg\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli bir uyan\u0131kl\u0131k gerekmektedir. Komisyon, B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller ekosistemini ve de\u011ferli bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in pop\u00fclasyonu izlemeye ve gerekti\u011finde uyumlu kontrol \u00f6nlemleri uygulamaya kararl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Deniz Alabal\u0131klar\u0131: B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller \u0130\u00e7in S\u00fcrekli Bir Tehdit \u0130stilac\u0131 Kan Emciler Atlantik Okyanusu’na \u00f6zg\u00fc parazit bal\u0131klar olan deniz alabal\u0131klar\u0131, B\u00fcy\u00fck G\u00f6ller ekosistemi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehdit haline geldi. \u0130lk olarak…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[590],"tags":[2164,24265,845,16080,286],"class_list":["post-18578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ecology","tag-great-lakes","tag-sea-lampreys","tag-ecosystem-impacts","tag-fisheries-management","tag-invasive-species"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18578","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18578"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18578\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18579,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18578\/revisions\/18579"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}