Yaprak kesici kar\u0131ncalar, Atta laevigata t\u00fcr\u00fc gibi, kolonileri i\u00e7inde dikkate de\u011fer bir i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sergilerler. Daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7i kar\u0131ncalar, koloni i\u00e7in ge\u00e7im kayna\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayan mantar bah\u00e7eleriyle ilgilenirken, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7iler yuvay\u0131 korumaya odaklan\u0131r. Ancak, bilim insanlar\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7ilerin meyve kesme i\u015fine dahil olmas\u0131na \u015fa\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc meyve nispeten yumu\u015fakt\u0131r ve daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kar\u0131ncalar taraf\u0131ndan kolayca kesilebilir.<\/p>\n\n
Heikki Helantera ve Francis Ratnieks taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan yak\u0131n tarihli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7i kar\u0131ncalar\u0131n daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7enelerinin, \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck meyve par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 kesmelerine ve koloniye geri ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131na olanak sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu. Bu bulgu, i\u015f\u00e7i kar\u0131ncalar aras\u0131ndaki boyut farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yapma ve verimlili\u011fi en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131karma konusundaki yeteneklerini nas\u0131l geli\u015ftirdi\u011fini vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Kar\u0131nca kolonileri, ar\u0131 kolonileri gibi, krali\u00e7eler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilir. Geleneksel olarak, krali\u00e7elerin, rastgele se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ve koloni taraf\u0131ndan beslenen larvalardan geli\u015fti\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Ancak, Bill Hughes ve Jacobus Boomsma taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan yak\u0131n tarihli DNA parmak izi ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 bu teoriye meydan okudu.<\/p>\n\n
Bulgular\u0131, baz\u0131 erkek kar\u0131ncalar\u0131n, yavrular\u0131n\u0131n krali\u00e7e olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran bir “kraliyet” genine sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Ancak, bu kraliyet erkeklerinin k\u0131z karde\u015fleri, yavrular\u0131na ayr\u0131cal\u0131k tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nda de\u011fildir. Bu genetik avantaj, kraliyet erkeklerinin yavrular\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da koloniye yaymalar\u0131na ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrd\u00fckleri fedakar kitleler taraf\u0131ndan tespit edilmekten ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Hughes, yaprak kesici kar\u0131ncalarda kraliyet geninin evriminin, fedakar i\u015f\u00e7ilerin bask\u0131s\u0131ndan ka\u00e7mak i\u00e7in bir evrimsel strateji oldu\u011funa inanmaktad\u0131r. Yavrular\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok say\u0131da koloniye yayarak, kraliyet erkekleri \u00fcreme ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilir ve soylar\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilirler.<\/p>\n\n
Yaprak kesici kar\u0131ncalar\u0131n incelenmesi, sosyal \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmenin ve evrimsel adaptasyonlar\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131na ili\u015fkin b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici bilgiler sa\u011flar. Karma\u015f\u0131k i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden kraliyet geninin ke\u015ffine kadar, bu kar\u0131ncalar bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fclemeye ve do\u011fan\u0131n incelikleri hakk\u0131nda de\u011ferli dersler sunmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yaprak Kesici Kar\u0131ncalar: Meyve Kesmekten Kraliyet Genlerine \u0130\u015f B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve Meyve Kesme Yaprak kesici kar\u0131ncalar, Atta laevigata t\u00fcr\u00fc gibi, kolonileri i\u00e7inde dikkate de\u011fer bir i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sergilerler. Daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[252,136,5532,5533,5531],"class_list":["post-2794","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-nature","tag-evolution","tag-division-of-labor","tag-royal-gene","tag-leaf-cutting-ants"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2794"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2794\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2795,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2794\/revisions\/2795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2794"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2794"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}