Vir\u00fcsler, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 rahats\u0131z eden gizemli ve \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl varl\u0131klard\u0131r. Canl\u0131 organizmalar de\u011fil, protein bir zarfla \u00e7evrili genetik materyalin (RNA veya DNA) minik par\u00e7alar\u0131d\u0131r. Basitliklerine ra\u011fmen vir\u00fcsler hem insanlarda hem de hayvanlarda y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klara neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\n
“Filamentli vir\u00fcsler” olarak bilinen bir gruba ait olan Marburg ve Ebola vir\u00fcsleri, insanl\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan bilinen en \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl vir\u00fcsler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu vir\u00fcsler olduk\u00e7a bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r ve organ yetmezli\u011fine ve \u00f6l\u00fcme yol a\u00e7an \u015fiddetli hemorajik ate\u015fe neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\n
Bilinen ilk Marburg salg\u0131n\u0131 1967’de Almanya’da meydana geldi. Vir\u00fcsten dolay\u0131 yedi ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti ve vir\u00fcs\u00fcn a\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131lan Afrika ye\u015fil maymunlar\u0131na kadar izlendi.<\/p>\n\n
Ebola vir\u00fcs\u00fc ilk kez 1976’da Sudan’da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u0130ki ay sonra, daha \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir Ebola t\u00fcr\u00fc Zaire’yi vurdu, 300’den fazla ki\u015fiyi enfekte etti ve %90’\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n
Ebola vir\u00fcs\u00fc 1989’da bir kez daha, bu sefer Virginia, Reston’daki bir banliy\u00f6 al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezinde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lan Afrika maymunlar\u0131 kolonisinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. ABD ordusu, salg\u0131n\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131na almak ve \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl vir\u00fcs\u00fcn yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Ordu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rma, Ebola’n\u0131n Reston su\u015funun Zaire su\u015fu kadar insanlar i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Ancak yine de olduk\u00e7a bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131yd\u0131 ve ciddi bir tehdit olu\u015fturuyordu.<\/p>\n\n
ABD Ordusu Enfeksiyon Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 T\u0131bbi Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’ndeki (USAMRIID) bilim insanlar\u0131, Ebola vir\u00fcs\u00fc i\u00e7in tedaviler belirlemek ve geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yorulmadan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Vir\u00fcs\u00fcn enfekte v\u00fccut s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 veya kirli y\u00fczeylerle temas yoluyla bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffettiler.<\/p>\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ayr\u0131ca Ebola vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn h\u0131zla mutasyona u\u011frayabildi\u011fini ve bu nedenle etkili a\u015f\u0131lar ve tedaviler geli\u015ftirmeyi zorla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffettiler.<\/p>\n\n
Bilim insanlar\u0131, Ebola ve Marburg gibi \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl vir\u00fcslerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n, insanlar\u0131n ya\u011fmur ormanlar\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcdahalelerle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yor. Bu vir\u00fcslerin, bu ekosistemlerde ya\u015fayan yarasalar ve di\u011fer hayvanlarda bulundu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n
\u0130nsanlar tar\u0131m veya kalk\u0131nma i\u00e7in ya\u011fmur ormanlar\u0131n\u0131 temizlediklerinde bu hayvanlarla daha yak\u0131n temasa ge\u00e7erler ve bu da vir\u00fcs bula\u015fma riskini art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Gelecekteki viral salg\u0131nlar\u0131n tehdidi, bilim insanlar\u0131 ve halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yetkilileri i\u00e7in giderek artan bir endi\u015fe kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, ormans\u0131zla\u015fma ve k\u00fcreselle\u015fme, daha yeni ve daha \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl vir\u00fcslerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunabilecek fakt\u00f6rlerdir.<\/p>\n\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, viral hastal\u0131klar i\u00e7in yeni a\u015f\u0131lar ve tedaviler geli\u015ftirmek \u00fczere \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Ayr\u0131ca vir\u00fcslerin ekosistemdeki rol\u00fcn\u00fc inceliyorlar ve gelecekteki salg\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6nlemenin yollar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n\n
Reston’daki Ebola salg\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ordu, yasay\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmek ve bas\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131ltmak gibi baz\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan etik olmayan g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00f6nlemler ald\u0131. Bu kararlar, vir\u00fcs\u00fc kontrol alt\u0131na almak ve daha geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 bir salg\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Ancak, kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 krizleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda bireysel haklar aras\u0131ndaki dengeyle ilgili \u00f6nemli sorular\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getiriyorlar.<\/p>\n\n
Vir\u00fcsler, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli bir tehdittir. H\u0131zla uyum sa\u011flayabilen ve mutasyona u\u011frayabilen karma\u015f\u0131k ve \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl varl\u0131klard\u0131r. Bilim insanlar\u0131, bu vir\u00fcsleri anlamak ve neden olduklar\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve tedavi etmek i\u00e7in yollar geli\u015ftirmek \u00fczere \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
S\u0131cak B\u00f6lge: \u00d6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl Vir\u00fcslerin Korkun\u00e7 D\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 Ke\u015ffetmek Vir\u00fcslerin Do\u011fas\u0131 Vir\u00fcsler, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 rahats\u0131z eden gizemli ve \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl varl\u0131klard\u0131r. Canl\u0131 organizmalar de\u011fil, protein bir zarfla \u00e7evrili genetik materyalin (RNA veya DNA)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[762],"tags":[5916,178,5917,5915,5919,5832,5918],"class_list":["post-3033","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-life-sciences","tag-ebola","tag-public-health","tag-marburg","tag-deadly-viruses","tag-viral-outbreaks","tag-virology","tag-rainforest-ecology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3033","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3033"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3033\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3034,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3033\/revisions\/3034"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3033"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3033"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3033"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}