Parazitler bilim kurgu \u00f6\u011feleri de\u011fildir; s\u0131\u00e7anlardan c\u0131rc\u0131r b\u00f6ceklerine, kar\u0131ncalardan g\u00fcvelere kadar \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli canl\u0131lar\u0131 istila eden ger\u00e7ek organizmalard\u0131r. Bu parazitler, konaklar\u0131n\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 manip\u00fcle etmek i\u00e7in genellikle en \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc ve b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici yollarla geli\u015fmi\u015f stratejiler geli\u015ftirmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n
Baz\u0131 parazitler, konaklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc, onlar\u0131 y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131lara daha \u00e7ekici hale getirmek veya tespit edilmelerini daha az olas\u0131 k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015ftirir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kedilerin ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar\u0131nda \u00fcreyen parazitik protozoa Toxoplasma gondii, s\u0131\u00e7anlar\u0131n kedi idrar\u0131na olan korkular\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmelerine neden olur. Asl\u0131nda, kokuya cinsel olarak ilgi duyarlar ve bu da onlar\u0131 kedigiller i\u00e7in kolay bir av haline getirir.<\/p>\n\n
Di\u011fer parazitler, konaklar\u0131n\u0131n sinir sistemlerini ele ge\u00e7irir ve onlara parazite fayda sa\u011flayan \u015fekillerde davranmaya zorlar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Paragordius tricuspidatus adl\u0131 at k\u0131l\u0131 kurdu c\u0131rc\u0131r b\u00f6ceklerini enfekte eder ve onlar\u0131n parlak \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa ilgi duymalar\u0131na neden olan proteinler \u00fcretir. Bu, c\u0131rc\u0131r b\u00f6ceklerinin at k\u0131l\u0131 kurdunun e\u015f bulabilece\u011fi ve \u00fcreyebilece\u011fi suya dalmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n\n
Ger\u00e7ekten dikkat \u00e7ekici bir parazitlik vakas\u0131nda, Cymothoa exigua adl\u0131 kabuklu deniz hayvan\u0131, mercan bal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131na girer ve dillerinin yerini al\u0131r. Parazit, kendini bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n dilinin taban\u0131na ba\u011flar ve kan\u0131n\u0131 emer ve dilin atrofiye olmas\u0131na neden olur. Parazit b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e, dilin i\u015flevsel bir yerine ge\u00e7er ve bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n yemeye devam etmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n
Parazitik yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131, konaklar\u0131n\u0131 manip\u00fcle etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli stratejiler geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131, t\u0131rt\u0131llar\u0131n v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine yumurtalar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r ve burada larvalar geli\u015fir ve kona\u011f\u0131n dokular\u0131yla beslenir. B\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e larvalar, t\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren kimyasallar salg\u0131lar ve larvalar\u0131n \u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kozay\u0131 korumas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n
Di\u011fer yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131 konaklar\u0131n\u0131 fel\u00e7 eder ve yumurtalar\u0131n\u0131 v\u00fccutlar\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131r. Bu yumurtalardan \u00e7\u0131kan larvalar kona\u011f\u0131n kan\u0131yla beslenir ve sonunda onu \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u00d6r\u00fcmcek \u00f6lmeden \u00f6nce, normalde yapmayaca\u011f\u0131 bir a\u011f \u00f6rer ve bu da yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 larvalar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli bir ortam sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n
Parazitik deniz kabuklusu Sacculina carcini, yenge\u00e7lere sald\u0131r\u0131r ve onlar\u0131 yedek annelere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Deniz kabuklusu kendini yengecin d\u0131\u015f iskeletinin bir eklemine ba\u011flar ve yengecin v\u00fccuduna antenler g\u00f6nderir ve burada yengecin kan\u0131ndan besin \u00e7alar. Deniz kabuklusu ayr\u0131ca, yengeci k\u0131s\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131ran ve yengecin deniz kabuklusunun yumurtalar\u0131na kendi yumurtalar\u0131ym\u0131\u015f gibi bakmas\u0131na neden olan kimyasallar salg\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n
Kancal\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131 solucan Polymorphus paradoxus, kabuklular\u0131 enfekte eder ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa ilgi duymalar\u0131na neden olur. Bu davran\u0131\u015f, solucan i\u00e7in faydal\u0131d\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kabuklunun bir \u00f6rdek taraf\u0131ndan yenilme \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r ve bu solucan\u0131n bir sonraki kona\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Parazitik yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 Dinocampus coccinellae yumurtalar\u0131n\u0131 u\u011fur b\u00f6ceklerinin v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine b\u0131rak\u0131r. Yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 larvalar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar ve u\u011fur b\u00f6ce\u011finin dokular\u0131yla beslenir. B\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e, u\u011fur b\u00f6ce\u011finin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiren, larvalar\u0131n \u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kozay\u0131 korumas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan zehirler salg\u0131larlar. Yeti\u015fkin yaban ar\u0131s\u0131 kozadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra, u\u011fur b\u00f6ce\u011fi genellikle travmadan kurtulur ancak yaban ar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n do\u011furganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Lancet solucanlar\u0131, bir salyangoz, bir kar\u0131nca ve bir inek olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 kona\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7eren karma\u015f\u0131k bir ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcne sahip parazitlerdir. Solucan yumurtalar\u0131 bir salyangoz taraf\u0131ndan yenir ve salyangoz larvalar\u0131 yakalamak i\u00e7in s\u00fcm\u00fck \u00fcretir. Larvalar sonunda salyangozdan ka\u00e7ar ve bir kar\u0131nca taraf\u0131ndan yenir. Kar\u0131ncan\u0131n i\u00e7inde larvalar geli\u015fir ve kar\u0131ncan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na ve \u00e7enelerine g\u00f6\u00e7 eder. Ard\u0131ndan kar\u0131ncan\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 manip\u00fcle ederek, bir \u00e7im b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tepesine t\u0131rmanmas\u0131na ve \u0131s\u0131rmas\u0131na neden olurlar. Bu, kar\u0131ncan\u0131n solucan\u0131n son kona\u011f\u0131 olan bir inek taraf\u0131ndan yenilme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Parazitik yass\u0131 solucan Leucochloridium paradoxus, salyangozlar\u0131 enfekte eder ve g\u00f6z saplar\u0131n\u0131 sulu t\u0131rt\u0131llar gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesini sa\u011flar. Bu, salyangozlar\u0131 yiyen ve yass\u0131 solucanla enfekte olan ku\u015flar\u0131 \u00e7eker. Ku\u015fun i\u00e7inde yass\u0131 solucan \u00fcrer ve ku\u015fun d\u0131\u015fk\u0131s\u0131nda ge\u00e7en yumurtalar \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n\n
Parazitler, konaklar\u0131n\u0131n davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 manip\u00fcle etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli stratejiler geli\u015ftirmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici ve genellikle korkutucu yarat\u0131klard\u0131r. Bu parazitler, bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ekosistemin ekolojisinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar ve karma\u015f\u0131k ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri, D\u00fcnya’daki ya\u015fam\u0131n inan\u0131lmaz \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin bir kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ger\u00e7ek Hayattaki V\u00fccut Gasp\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131: Hayvan Davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 Manip\u00fcle Eden Parazitler Parazitler bilim kurgu \u00f6\u011feleri de\u011fildir; s\u0131\u00e7anlardan c\u0131rc\u0131r b\u00f6ceklerine, kar\u0131ncalardan g\u00fcvelere kadar \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli canl\u0131lar\u0131 istila eden ger\u00e7ek organizmalard\u0131r. Bu parazitler, konaklar\u0131n\u0131n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[288],"tags":[97,252,309,2324,3489],"class_list":["post-3112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","tag-science","tag-nature","tag-animal-behavior","tag-manipulation","tag-parasites"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3112"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3113,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3112\/revisions\/3113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}