\u0130konik bir m\u00fczik aleti olan saksafon, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Bel\u00e7ikal\u0131 Adolphe Sax’\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131 zihnine bor\u00e7ludur. 1846’da Sax, Paris, Fransa’da 14 enstr\u00fcman patenti i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurdu. Saksafon i\u00e7in ilk tasar\u0131mlar\u0131, o zamanlar \u00fcflemeli \u00e7alg\u0131larda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir malzeme olan ah\u015faptan yap\u0131ld\u0131. Sax’\u0131n amac\u0131, bir klarnetin a\u011f\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131nma kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcflemeli \u00e7alg\u0131lar\u0131n parmak basma basitli\u011fiyle birle\u015ftiren bir enstr\u00fcman yaratmakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Saksafon hala bir \u00fcflemeli \u00e7alg\u0131 olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, Sax h\u0131zla onu pirin\u00e7ten yapmaya ge\u00e7ti. Malzemedeki bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik, daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ve rezonansl\u0131 bir enstr\u00fcmana olanak sa\u011flad\u0131. Ancak Sax, bulu\u015funu korumada \u00e7ok say\u0131da zorlukla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. Patent almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, 1866’da sona eren patenti savunmak i\u00e7in mahkemede \u00e7ok zaman ge\u00e7irdi.<\/p>\n\n
Saksafon, ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda Frans\u0131z ordu bandolar\u0131nda pop\u00fclerlik kazand\u0131. E\u015fsiz sesi ve \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, onu askeri topluluklara de\u011ferli bir katk\u0131 haline getirdi. Ancak saksafonun komedi ni\u015fini ger\u00e7ekten buldu\u011fu yer Amerikan vodvili alan\u0131yd\u0131. Vodvil sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, mizahi efektler yaratmak ve performanslar\u0131na bir dokunu\u015f katmak i\u00e7in enstr\u00fcman\u0131 kulland\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n
1900’lerin ba\u015flar\u0131nda, saksafon pazar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hala pop\u00fcler olan d\u00f6rt ana aral\u0131\u011fa yerle\u015fti: bariton, tenor, alto ve soprano. Saksafonun caz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ciddi bir enstr\u00fcman olarak kendini kan\u0131tlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemdeydi. New Orleans’l\u0131 bir m\u00fczisyen olan Sidney Bechet, bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131. Bechet’in soprano saksafondaki ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131, enstr\u00fcman\u0131 caz d\u00fcnyas\u0131na getirdi ve ifade yeteneklerini sergiledi.<\/p>\n\n
Bechet’in Londra’daki bir eskicide soprano saksafonu ke\u015ffetmesi, enstr\u00fcman\u0131n tarihinde bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 oldu. Saksafonun cazda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde, Bechet’in yenilik\u00e7i \u00e7alma tarz\u0131 ikonik bir ses yaratt\u0131. Do\u011fa\u00e7lamalar\u0131 ve ruhlu melodileri izleyicileri b\u00fcy\u00fcledi ve di\u011fer caz m\u00fczisyenlerinin saksafonu benimsemesinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Saksafonun kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc kavisli \u015fekli sadece estetik bir se\u00e7im de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ses fizi\u011finin bir sonucudur. Daha uzun enstr\u00fcmanlar daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tonlar \u00fcretir ve e\u011fri, saksafonun pratik olmayacak kadar uzun olmadan bu tonlara ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Yukar\u0131ya bakan \u00e7an da enstr\u00fcman\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc sesine katk\u0131da bulunur ve onu izleyiciye do\u011fru yans\u0131t\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Bir zamanlar deneysel bir icat olan saksafon, m\u00fczikal ifadenin bir k\u00f6\u015fe ta\u015f\u0131 haline geldi. Askeri mar\u015flardan caz sololar\u0131na kadar \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, onu d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda sevilen bir enstr\u00fcman haline getirdi. Adolphe Sax’\u0131n yenilikleri ve Sidney Bechet gibi m\u00fczisyenlerin sanat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, saksafonun yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve m\u00fczik tutkusunun bir sembol\u00fc olarak miras\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendirdi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Saksafon: \u0130novasyon ve \u0130fade Tarihi \u0130cat ve Erken Tasar\u0131m \u0130konik bir m\u00fczik aleti olan saksafon, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Bel\u00e7ikal\u0131 Adolphe Sax’\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131 zihnine bor\u00e7ludur. 1846’da Sax, Paris, Fransa’da 14 enstr\u00fcman patenti i\u00e7in…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25091,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[327],"tags":[3107,37,6119,788,6118],"class_list":["post-3147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-music","tag-jazz","tag-innovation","tag-musical-expression","tag-music","tag-saxophone"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3147"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25092,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3147\/revisions\/25092"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}