2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Meksiko \u015eehrinde kaz\u0131 yapan arkeologlar \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc bir ke\u015fifte bulundular: \u0130nsan kafataslar\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir kulenin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc. Huey Tzompantli olarak bilinen bu yap\u0131n\u0131n, bir zamanlar Aztek ba\u015fkenti Tenochtitlan’da bulunan yedi kuleden biri oldu\u011funa inan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n
Huey Tzompantli, ilk olarak Sava\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Huitzilopochtli ve Ya\u011fmur Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Tlaloc’a adanm\u0131\u015f dini bir merkez olan Templo Mayor’un kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131nda ke\u015ffedildi. Kule silindirik bir \u015fekle sahip ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 16,4 fit \u00e7ap\u0131ndad\u0131r. Muhtemelen 1486-1502 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Tlatoani Ahu\u00edzotl y\u00f6netimi zaman\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famada in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n
Huey Tzompantli’deki kafataslar\u0131, Azteklerin sekizinci kral\u0131 Ahu\u00edzotl’un saltanat\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kurban edilen insanlara aitti. Arkeologlar ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta kafataslar\u0131n\u0131n sadece yenilmi\u015f erkek sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lara ait oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yordu, ancak son analizler baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131nlara ve \u00e7ocuklara da ait oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n
Kurbanlar, b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle kurban t\u00f6renlerine ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f esirlerdi. Arkeologlar, di\u015flerinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve geli\u015fimine dayanarak kulede en az \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ocu\u011fun kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tespit ettiler.<\/p>\n\n
Aztekler i\u00e7in rit\u00fcel kurban etme, tanr\u0131lar\u0131 canl\u0131 tutman\u0131n ve evrenin yok edilmesini \u00f6nlemenin bir yoluydu. Huey Tzompantli, bu inanc\u0131n fiziksel bir tezah\u00fcr\u00fcyd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n
Kuledeki kafataslar\u0131, halkalar halinde y\u00fckselen ve geni\u015fleyen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u00e7 dairede sergileniyordu. Bu d\u00fczenlemenin, ya\u015fam ve \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 temsil etti\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n
Huey Tzompantli, 1500’lerde \u0130spanyol fatihler ve yerli m\u00fcttefikleri taraf\u0131ndan yok edildi. Kuleler s\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc ve par\u00e7alar\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Huey Tzompantli, 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda Aztek ba\u015fkentinin bulundu\u011fu yerde in\u015fa edilen bir binan\u0131n restorasyonu s\u0131ras\u0131nda yeniden ke\u015ffedildi. Kule art\u0131k korunan bir arkeolojik sit alan\u0131d\u0131r ve pop\u00fcler bir turistik yerdir.<\/p>\n\n
Huey Tzompantli, Aztek uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve karma\u015f\u0131k inan\u00e7 sisteminin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir hat\u0131rlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Kule, Azteklerin in\u015faat\u00e7\u0131lar olarak yeteneklerine ve tanr\u0131lar\u0131na sars\u0131lmaz inan\u00e7lar\u0131na bir kan\u0131tt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Huey Tzompantli ayn\u0131 zamanda Aztek k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn karanl\u0131k taraf\u0131n\u0131n da bir hat\u0131rlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Kule, Aztek toplumunun ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan \u015fiddetin ve insan kurbanlar\u0131n\u0131n bir simgesidir.<\/p>\n\n
\u0130spanyol fatihler Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s, Bernal D\u00edaz del Castillo ve Andr\u00e9s de Tapia, b\u00f6lgenin fethi hakk\u0131nda yazd\u0131klar\u0131 eserlerde Azteklerin kafatas\u0131 raflar\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131lar. De Tapia, Azteklerin “kire\u00e7 ve ta\u015ftan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tiyatroya on binlerce kafatas\u0131 yerle\u015ftirdiklerini ve basamaklar\u0131na d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya bakan di\u015flerle kirece saplanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6l\u00fc kafas\u0131 yerle\u015ftirdiklerini” s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n\n
Huey Tzompantli, son y\u0131llarda Meksika’daki en \u00f6nemli arkeolojik buluntulardan biridir. Kule, Aztek k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve toplumu hakk\u0131nda de\u011ferli bilgiler sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda insanl\u0131k tarihinin karma\u015f\u0131k ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00e7eli\u015fkili do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n da bir hat\u0131rlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Aztek Kafataslar\u0131 Kulesi: Rit\u00fcel Kurban Etmenin Deh\u015fet Verici An\u0131t\u0131 Huey Tzompantli’nin Ke\u015ffi 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Meksiko \u015eehrinde kaz\u0131 yapan arkeologlar \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc bir ke\u015fifte bulundular: \u0130nsan kafataslar\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir kulenin bir…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23977,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[5754,7371,7374,7372,7373,7375,7376],"class_list":["post-3963","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-aztec-civilization","tag-human-sacrifice","tag-skulls","tag-mesoamerican-archaeology","tag-ritual-sacrifice","tag-tenochtitlan","tag-tower-of-skulls"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3963","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3963"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3964,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3963\/revisions\/3964"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23977"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}