1799’da Napolyon’un M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131 i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Pierre-Fran\u00e7ois Bouchard ad\u0131nda bir Frans\u0131z asker, Re\u015fit (Rosetta) kasabas\u0131nda k\u0131r\u0131k bir ta\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131 olarak bilinen bu par\u00e7a, M\u00d6 196’da bir M\u0131s\u0131r rahip konseyi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir kararname ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Kararname \u00fc\u00e7 yaz\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131: hiyeroglifler, demotik (hiyerogliflerin basitle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir bi\u00e7imi) ve antik Yunanca. Bilim insanlar\u0131 Yunanca metnin terc\u00fcme edilebilece\u011fini fark ettiler, ancak hiyeroglif ve demotik yaz\u0131lar bir gizem olarak kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
\u0130ki bilim insan\u0131, Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Champollion ve Thomas Young, Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131 kodunu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Frans\u0131z filolog Champollion ve \u0130ngiliz fizik\u00e7i Young’\u0131n dilbilim ve kod k\u0131rma teknikleri konusunda derin bir anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Young’\u0131n at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, kartu\u015flara (oval \u00e7er\u00e7eveler) al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f belirli hiyerogliflerin farkl\u0131 dillerde benzer \u015fekilde telaffuz edilebilen yabanc\u0131 isimleri temsil etti\u011fini fark etmesiyle geldi. Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131’ndaki hiyeroglif kartu\u015flar\u0131 Yunanca isimlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak Young, baz\u0131 hiyerogliflerin fonetik de\u011ferlerini belirleyebildi.<\/p>\n\n
Champollion, eski M\u0131s\u0131r dilinin bir soyundan gelen K\u0131ptice bilgisinden yararlanarak Young’\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ilerletti. Hiyeroglifleri K\u0131ptice e\u015fde\u011ferleriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak ek fonetik hiyeroglifleri belirledi.<\/p>\n\n
Son olarak, 1822’de Champollion, Abu Simbel tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131ndan bir kartu\u015fu incelerken bir evreka an\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131. G\u00fcne\u015f hiyeroglifi (ra) ve “s” sesi i\u00e7in hiyeroglifi belirledi. Bu onu firavun Ramses’in ad\u0131n\u0131 de\u015fifre etmeye y\u00f6neltti ve hiyerogliflerin M\u0131s\u0131r kelimelerini ve seslerini temsil edebilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n de\u015fifre edilmesi, eski M\u0131s\u0131r tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn incelenmesinde devrim yaratt\u0131. Bir zamanlar anla\u015f\u0131lmaz bir yaz\u0131 olan hiyeroglifler, bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n eri\u015fimine a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 ve eski M\u0131s\u0131r uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00e7ok say\u0131da bilgi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n
Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131, yaz\u0131 sistemlerinin geli\u015fimi ve dil ile semboller aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bilgiler sa\u011flad\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n eski M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n dini inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, politik sistemlerini ve toplumsal yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 anlamalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n
Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131, i\u015fbirli\u011finin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve bilginin pe\u015finde ko\u015fan insan aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 temsil eden k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir simge olmaya devam ediyor. Kay\u0131p bir dilin ve uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zen bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n
Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda izleyicileri b\u00fcy\u00fcleyen say\u0131s\u0131z sergi, kitap ve belgesele ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu. \u0130nsan k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve kolektif miras\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 koruma \u00f6neminin bir sembol\u00fc olmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n
Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131, M\u00d6 196’da \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan kararnamenin tek hayatta kalan kopyas\u0131 de\u011fildir. M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli tap\u0131naklar\u0131nda iki d\u00fczineden fazla par\u00e7al\u0131 yaz\u0131t ke\u015ffedildi. Bu yaz\u0131tlar, bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n hiyerogliflerin de\u015fifresini do\u011frulamas\u0131na ve geli\u015ftirmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n
Champollion’un at\u0131l\u0131m\u0131ndan iki y\u00fcz y\u0131l sonra, Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131 hala b\u00fcy\u00fclenme ve ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmaya devam ediyor. De\u015fifresinin ikiy\u00fcz\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kutlamak i\u00e7in d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda kutlamalar ve sergiler planlan\u0131yor. M\u0131s\u0131r’da, \u0130ngiliz M\u00fczesi’nden ta\u015f\u0131n \u00fclkesine iade etmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n
Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n miras\u0131, fiziksel varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6tesine uzan\u0131yor. \u0130nsan yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 kelimenin kal\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn bir simgesidir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131: Antik M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n S\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 Ortaya \u00c7\u0131karmak Rosetta Ta\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n Ke\u015ffi 1799’da Napolyon’un M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131 i\u015fgali s\u0131ras\u0131nda, Pierre-Fran\u00e7ois Bouchard ad\u0131nda bir Frans\u0131z asker, Re\u015fit (Rosetta) kasabas\u0131nda k\u0131r\u0131k bir ta\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. Rosetta…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24553,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[88,4126,2622,541,4549,63,848,7891,27,7965],"class_list":["post-4375","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-archaeology","tag-decipherment","tag-language","tag-ancient-egypt","tag-hieroglyphs","tag-culture","tag-egyptology","tag-rosetta-stone","tag-history","tag-civilization"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4375","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4375"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4375\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24554,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4375\/revisions\/24554"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4375"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4375"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4375"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}