{"id":4383,"date":"2021-03-13T10:13:34","date_gmt":"2021-03-13T10:13:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4383"},"modified":"2021-03-13T10:13:34","modified_gmt":"2021-03-13T10:13:34","slug":"female-chimps-lead-the-hunt-with-tools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/science\/animal-behavior\/female-chimps-lead-the-hunt-with-tools\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015eempanzelerde Di\u015fi Av Liderli\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u015eempanzeler: Alet Kullanan Di\u015filer Av\u0131n Ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7ekiyor<\/h2>\n\n

Di\u015fi \u015eempanzeler Avc\u0131l\u0131kta Ustala\u015ft\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

\u015eempanzeler aleminde di\u015filer, alet kullan\u0131m\u0131nda erkek meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 geride b\u0131rakarak yetenekli avc\u0131lar haline geldiler. Royal Society Open Science’da yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, Fongoli di\u015fi \u015fempanzelerin topluluklar\u0131ndaki birincil m\u0131zrak kullananlar oldu\u011funu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n

Fongoli \u015eempanzeleri: Alet Kullan\u0131m\u0131nda \u00d6nc\u00fcler<\/h2>\n\n

Fongoli \u015fempanzeleri, omurgal\u0131 avlar\u0131n\u0131 avlamak i\u00e7in aletler \u00fcretme ve kullanma konusundaki ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetenekleriyle 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcn kazand\u0131lar. Daha \u00f6nce sadece insanlara \u00f6zg\u00fc olan bu davran\u0131\u015f, onlar\u0131 hayvanlar aleminde farkl\u0131 k\u0131ld\u0131. O zamandan beri ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu e\u015fsiz primat toplulu\u011funun sosyal ve avlanma dinamiklerini incelemeye devam etti.<\/p>\n\n

Di\u015fi Zekas\u0131: M\u0131zrak Yap\u0131m\u0131 ve Avc\u0131l\u0131k<\/h2>\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bulgular\u0131, Fongoli di\u015fi \u015fempanzelerin m\u0131zrak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n %60’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Ba\u015f yazar Jill Pruetz, bu di\u015filerin m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131n ilk mucidi olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. Bir\u00e7ok primat t\u00fcr\u00fcnde di\u015filer, yenilik\u00e7i do\u011falar\u0131 ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla alet kullanmalar\u0131yla bilinir.<\/p>\n\n

Kas G\u00fcc\u00fcnden Beyin G\u00fcc\u00fcne: Di\u015fi Avlanma Stratejileri<\/h2>\n\n

Avc\u0131l\u0131kta bili\u015fsel yeterlili\u011fe duyulan ihtiya\u00e7, di\u015fi \u015fempanzeleri bu alet kullanma becerilerini geli\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6neltmi\u015f olabilir. Daha az fiziksel g\u00fcce sahip olan ve genellikle yavrularla me\u015fgul olan di\u015filer, yeterli yiyecek sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in zekalar\u0131na g\u00fcveniyor.<\/p>\n\n

M\u0131zrak Yap\u0131m\u0131: \u0130\u015fbirlik\u00e7i Bir S\u00fcre\u00e7<\/h2>\n\n

Fongoli \u015fempanzelerinin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0131zraklar, a\u011fa\u00e7 dallar\u0131ndan \u00f6zenle i\u015flenir. S\u00fcre\u00e7, t\u00fcm yan dallar\u0131 ve yapraklar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 ve ayr\u0131ca ucunu di\u015fleriyle kesmeyi i\u00e7erir. Elde edilen alet, tercih ettikleri av olan uyuyan galago’yu m\u0131zraklamak i\u00e7in m\u00fcthi\u015f bir silah haline gelir.<\/p>\n\n

Avc\u0131l\u0131k Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131: Bir Tak\u0131m \u00c7abas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma boyunca ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar 308 m\u0131zrakl\u0131 avlanma olay\u0131 kaydetti. Di\u015filer birincil m\u0131zrak kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 olsa da erkekler yine de toplulu\u011fun avlanma ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunarak toplam yakalamalar\u0131n %70’ini olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n\n

Erkek Deste\u011fi: \u0130\u015fbirlik\u00e7i Bir Yakla\u015f\u0131m<\/h2>\n\n

Bask\u0131n erkeklerin genellikle astlar\u0131ndan \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 di\u011fer \u015fempanze topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n aksine, Fongoli’deki erkekler dikkat \u00e7ekici bir i\u015fbirli\u011fi d\u00fczeyi sergiliyor. Di\u015filere ve gen\u00e7 erkeklere kendi avlar\u0131n\u0131 tutmalar\u0131na izin vererek onlar\u0131 destekliyorlar.<\/p>\n\n

Evrimsel Etkiler: Ortak Avc\u0131 Atalar<\/h2>\n\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Fongoli \u015fempanzelerinin avlanma tekni\u011finin insanlar ve \u015fempanzelerin ortak bir atas\u0131ndan kaynaklanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fine inan\u0131yor. Bu, ilk insanlar\u0131n benzer avlanma stratejileri kullanm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n

Nezaket ve Centilmenlik: \u0130nsan Do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n Bir \u0130pucu<\/h2>\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma sadece di\u015fi avlanma ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulamakla kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda nezaketin k\u00f6kenleri hakk\u0131nda da bilgi veriyor. Fongoli’deki bask\u0131n erkeklerin destekleyici davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, insanlarda kibar ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceli davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n evrimi hakk\u0131nda ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 verebilir.<\/p>\n\n

\u015eempanzeler: Ge\u00e7mi\u015fimize ve \u015eimdiki Zamana Bir Pencere<\/h2>\n\n

Fongoli \u015fempanzelerinin incelenmesi, en yak\u0131n primat akrabalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sosyal ve avlanma davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na de\u011ferli bir pencere sunuyor. Alet kullanma yetenekleri, i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i avlanma stratejileri ve hatta nezaket ipu\u00e7lar\u0131, hem \u015fempanzelerin hem de insanlar\u0131n bili\u015fsel ve davran\u0131\u015fsal yeteneklerine dair bir fikir veriyor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u015eempanzeler: Alet Kullanan Di\u015filer Av\u0131n Ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7ekiyor Di\u015fi \u015eempanzeler Avc\u0131l\u0131kta Ustala\u015ft\u0131 \u015eempanzeler aleminde di\u015filer, alet kullan\u0131m\u0131nda erkek meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 geride b\u0131rakarak yetenekli avc\u0131lar haline geldiler. Royal Society Open Science’da yay\u0131nlanan \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[1590,2218,2750,1591,1038],"class_list":["post-4383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-tool-use","tag-hunting","tag-female-empowerment","tag-primatology","tag-chimpanzees"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4383"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4384,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383\/revisions\/4384"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}