{"id":4436,"date":"2020-11-05T10:30:42","date_gmt":"2020-11-05T10:30:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4436"},"modified":"2020-11-05T10:30:42","modified_gmt":"2020-11-05T10:30:42","slug":"tobacco-in-mesoamerican-rituals-new-discoveries-from-ancient-vases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/science\/archaeology\/tobacco-in-mesoamerican-rituals-new-discoveries-from-ancient-vases\/","title":{"rendered":"Antik Vazolarda T\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130zleri: Mezoamerikan Rit\u00fcellerinde Yeni Ke\u015fifler"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mezoamerikan Rit\u00fcellerinde T\u00fct\u00fcn: Antik Vazolarda Yeni Ke\u015fifler<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>T\u00fct\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Arkeolojik Kan\u0131tlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Guatemala&#8217;daki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Mezoamerika&#8217;da 1000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine dayanan t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131na dair kan\u0131tlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Antik Cotzumalhuapa b\u00f6lgesindeki kaz\u0131lar s\u0131ras\u0131nda yedi seramik vazodan \u00f6rnekler analiz ettiler ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnde nikotin kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 buldular.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bu ke\u015fif \u00f6nemlidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00f6lgedeki t\u00fct\u00fcn rit\u00fcellerinin en eski fiziksel kan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in tarihsel kay\u0131tlara ve sanattaki tasvirlere g\u00fcveniyorlard\u0131 ancak arkeolojik kan\u0131tlar yetersizdi.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>T\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn Rit\u00fcel ve T\u0131bbi Kullan\u0131mlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>T\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn Mezoamerika&#8217;da uzun bir rit\u00fcel ve t\u0131bbi kullan\u0131m ge\u00e7mi\u015fi vard\u0131r. Erken s\u00f6m\u00fcrge d\u00f6nemi kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz uygulamalar\u0131, seremonilerde, tanr\u0131lara sunu olarak ve t\u0131bbi ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 belgelemektedir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, vazolarda bulunan nikotin inf\u00fczyonlu s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n derin uykuyu, vizyonlar\u0131 ve kehanet translar\u0131n\u0131 tetiklemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlar. Bu t\u00fcketim \u015fekli muhtemelen \u00f6zel rit\u00fceller i\u00e7in ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir narkotik olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilirdi.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cotzumalhuapa&#8217;da T\u00fct\u00fcn T\u00fcketimi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Cotzumalhuapa&#8217;da t\u00fct\u00fcn kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ke\u015ffi, bu antik \u015fehrin rit\u00fcel uygulamalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutuyor. Guatemala&#8217;n\u0131n Pasifik k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan Cotzumalhuapa, arkeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda uzun s\u00fcre ihmal edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bulgular\u0131n\u0131n Cotzumalhuapa&#8217;n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel uygulamalar\u0131ndaki t\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn rol\u00fc hakk\u0131nda daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 te\u015fvik edece\u011fini umuyor. Ek arkeolojik \u00f6rneklerin analiz edilmesinin ve t\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn ikonografik temsillerinin incelenmesinin \u00f6nemi hakk\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 bir anlay\u0131\u015f sa\u011flayabilece\u011fine inan\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>T\u00fct\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Tarihsel Ba\u011flam\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Mezoamerika&#8217;da t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131 Avrupa ile temas\u0131n \u00f6ncesine dayanmaktad\u0131r. 1500&#8217;l\u00fc y\u0131llarda, toplant\u0131larda, t\u00f6renlerde ve yemeklerden sonra sindirim yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere sosyal ya\u015fam\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n<p>Sigara i\u00e7mek, t\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcketiminin en yayg\u0131n y\u00f6ntemiydi ancak s\u0131v\u0131 bi\u00e7imleri de belgelenmi\u015ftir. T\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131 kimyasal\u0131 olan nikotin, y\u00fcksek miktarlarda a\u011f\u0131zdan al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda toksiktir ve bu t\u00fcketim \u015feklinin \u00f6zel rit\u00fcellerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Antik Mezoamerika&#8217;y\u0131 Anlama A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Etkileri<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Cotzumalhuapa&#8217;da t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ke\u015ffi, antik Mayalar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve dini uygulamalar\u0131yla ilgili sorular\u0131 g\u00fcndeme getiriyor. Antik Mezoamerikan tarihinin gizli y\u00f6nlerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmadaki arkeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n \u00f6nemini vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Arkeolojik \u00f6rnekleri analiz ederek ve tarihsel kay\u0131tlar\u0131 inceleyerek, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bu antik uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n inan\u00e7lar\u0131, rit\u00fcelleri ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinebilirler. Bu bilgi, Mezoamerika&#8217;n\u0131n zengin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n\u0131n ve kal\u0131c\u0131 miras\u0131n\u0131n daha derin bir \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunur.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mezoamerikan Rit\u00fcellerinde T\u00fct\u00fcn: Antik Vazolarda Yeni Ke\u015fifler T\u00fct\u00fcn Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Arkeolojik Kan\u0131tlar\u0131 Guatemala&#8217;daki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Mezoamerika&#8217;da 1000 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine dayanan t\u00fct\u00fcn kullan\u0131m\u0131na dair kan\u0131tlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Antik Cotzumalhuapa b\u00f6lgesindeki kaz\u0131lar s\u0131ras\u0131nda yedi&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[88,1643,89,4952,1727,8065],"class_list":["post-4436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-archaeology","tag-ancient-history","tag-cultural-heritage","tag-mesoamerica","tag-rituals","tag-tobacco"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4436"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4436\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4437,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4436\/revisions\/4437"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}