{"id":4829,"date":"2022-03-24T23:36:03","date_gmt":"2022-03-24T23:36:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=4829"},"modified":"2022-03-24T23:36:03","modified_gmt":"2022-03-24T23:36:03","slug":"assessing-presidential-greatness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/life\/politics\/assessing-presidential-greatness\/","title":{"rendered":"Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc De\u011ferlendirmek: Tarih\u00e7iler, Se\u00e7menler ve Kaderin Liderleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc De\u011ferlendirme<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ba\u015fkanlar ve B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bir ba\u015fkan\u0131 harika yapan nedir? Tarih\u00e7iler ve se\u00e7menler bu soruyu y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn se\u00e7imleri kazanma ve g\u00fcc\u00fc koruma yetene\u011finde yagatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunurken, di\u011ferleri ba\u015fkan\u0131n ulus \u00fczerindeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc etkisini vurguluyor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Se\u00e7imlerin \u00d6nemi<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u201cWhere They Stand\u201din yazar\u0131 Robert W. Merry&#8217;ye g\u00f6re, se\u00e7menler ba\u015fkanl\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirlemede \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynuyor. En b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n, Amerikan halk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenini birden fazla se\u00e7imde kazananlar oldu\u011funu savunuyor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tarih\u00e7iler ve Se\u00e7menler<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tarih\u00e7ilerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri \u00f6nemli olsa da Merry, bunlar\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011ferlendirmede tek fakt\u00f6r olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine inan\u0131yor. Se\u00e7menlerin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n, ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n kendi zamanlar\u0131nda nas\u0131l alg\u0131land\u0131klar\u0131na dair de\u011ferli bilgiler sundu\u011funu iddia ediyor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dc\u00e7 Par\u00e7al\u0131 Test<\/h2>\n\n<p>Merry, en b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015fkanlar\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 par\u00e7al\u0131 bir test \u00f6neriyor:<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tarih\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck veya neredeyse b\u00fcy\u00fck olarak tan\u0131nma<\/li>\n<li>Kendi partileri taraf\u0131ndan ikinci bir d\u00f6neme yeniden se\u00e7ilme<\/li>\n<li>Siyasi manzaran\u0131n ve ulusun gidi\u015fat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kaderin Liderleri<\/h2>\n\n<p>Merry, alt\u0131 ba\u015fkan\u0131 &#8220;Kaderin Liderleri&#8221; olarak tan\u0131ml\u0131yor:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>George Washington<\/li>\n<li>Thomas Jefferson<\/li>\n<li>Andrew Jackson<\/li>\n<li>Abraham Lincoln<\/li>\n<li>Theodore Roosevelt<\/li>\n<li>Franklin D. Roosevelt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Bu ba\u015fkanlar, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler de dahil olmak \u00fczere birka\u00e7 temel \u00f6zelli\u011fi payla\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ulusun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak<\/li>\n<li>Vizyoner liderlik<\/li>\n<li>Siyasi beceriklilik<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130yi Ba\u015fkanlar ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Ba\u015fkanlar<\/h2>\n\n<p>Merry, iyi ba\u015fkanlar ile b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015fkanlar aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131m yap\u0131yor. \u0130yi ba\u015fkanlar \u00fclkeyi etkili bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6netirken, b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015fkanlar risk al\u0131r ve cesur de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapar. Bill Clinton, b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe ula\u015fma cesaretinden yoksun iyi bir ba\u015fkan \u00f6rne\u011fi olarak g\u00f6steriliyor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Karakter ve Skandallar<\/h2>\n\n<p>Skandallar bir ba\u015fkan\u0131n itibar\u0131na zarar verebilir ancak karars\u0131zl\u0131k ve risk alma konusundaki isteksizlik gibi karakter kusurlar\u0131, ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 daha da olumsuz etkiler. James Buchanan&#8217;\u0131n k\u00f6lelik krizine de\u011finmemesi, bu t\u00fcr karakter kusurlar\u0131na bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130tibar\u0131 De\u011fi\u015ftiren Biyografiler<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k biyografileri, kamuoyunu bir ba\u015fkan hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkileyebilir. \u0130ki kez tek d\u00f6nem ba\u015fkanl\u0131k yapan Grover Cleveland, onu kaderin ve karakterin adam\u0131 olarak selamlayan bir biyografinin yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan itibar\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mevcut Adaylar\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme<\/h2>\n\n<p>Merry, ba\u015fkanl\u0131k adaylar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirirken se\u00e7menlerin ba\u015fkan\u0131n performans\u0131na odaklanmalar\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye ediyor. Amerikan halk\u0131 genellikle ba\u015fkan\u0131n liderli\u011fine ve \u00fclkenin refah\u0131na dayanarak sa\u011flam kararlar verme e\u011filimindedir.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Adaylarda Aranacak Nitelikler<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tahmin etmek imkans\u0131zd\u0131r, ancak tarih b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131kla siyasi \u00e7alkant\u0131 zamanlar\u0131nda se\u00e7ildi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Destek\u00e7iler ve kar\u015f\u0131tlar, bir aday\u0131n potansiyeli hakk\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flere sahip olabilirler, ancak ne kadar etkili olacaklar\u0131 ancak zamanla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dclkenin Durumu ve \u00c7\u0131kmaz<\/h2>\n\n<p>Merry, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri&#8217;ndeki mevcut siyasi \u00e7\u0131kmaz hakk\u0131nda endi\u015felerini dile getiriyor. \u00dclkenin bu krizi nas\u0131l a\u015fabilece\u011fini ve ilerleyebilece\u011fini sorguluyor.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0130nan\u00e7lara G\u00fcven<\/h2>\n\n<p>Merry, bir ki\u015finin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine olan kesinli\u011fin deneyimle azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul ediyor. Bununla birlikte, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceli g\u00f6zlem ve analizlerin d\u00fcnyan\u0131n nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fine dair sa\u011flam temellere dayal\u0131 alg\u0131lara yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fine inan\u0131yor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc De\u011ferlendirme Ba\u015fkanlar ve B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck Bir ba\u015fkan\u0131 harika yapan nedir? Tarih\u00e7iler ve se\u00e7menler bu soruyu y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn se\u00e7imleri kazanma ve g\u00fcc\u00fc koruma yetene\u011finde yagatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunurken, di\u011ferleri ba\u015fkan\u0131n&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[223],"tags":[8681,1922,8682],"class_list":["post-4829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-politics","tag-presidential-history","tag-leadership","tag-history-buffs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4829","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4829"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4829\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4830,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4829\/revisions\/4830"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4829"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}