{"id":842,"date":"2021-04-02T21:36:53","date_gmt":"2021-04-02T21:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=842"},"modified":"2021-04-02T21:36:53","modified_gmt":"2021-04-02T21:36:53","slug":"mary-sears-oceanographer-wwii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/science\/oceanography\/mary-sears-oceanographer-wwii\/","title":{"rendered":"Mary Sears: II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;nda Zaferimize Katk\u0131da Bulunan O\u015finograf"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mary Sears: II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131 Kazanmaya Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Olan O\u015finograf<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Erken Ya\u015fam ve E\u011fitim<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mary Sears, 1905 y\u0131l\u0131nda Massachusetts, Wayland&#8217;da do\u011fdu. Gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta deniz biyolojisine ilgi duymaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bilimde kad\u0131n olarak \u00f6nyarg\u0131larla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen 1933&#8217;te zooloji alan\u0131nda doktora yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Woods Hole O\u015finografi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sears, 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda Woods Hole O\u015finografi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc&#8217;ne (WHOI) kat\u0131ld\u0131. Plankton ve di\u011fer deniz canl\u0131lar\u0131 konusunda \u00f6nde gelen bir uzman oldu. Ancak kad\u0131n oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in enstit\u00fcn\u00fcn ara\u015ft\u0131rma gemilerine binmesine izin verilmiyordu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ve Donanma<\/h2>\n\n<p>II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Sears, Kad\u0131n Deniz Kuvvetleri Yedek G\u00fcc\u00fc&#8217;ne (WAVES) kat\u0131ld\u0131. Donanma i\u00e7in o\u015finografik verileri analiz etti\u011fi Hidrografi Ofisi&#8217;ne atand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O\u015finografik \u0130stihbarat<\/h2>\n\n<p>Hidrografi Ofisi&#8217;ndeki Sears&#8217;\u0131n ekibi, amfibi operasyonlar i\u00e7in o\u015finografik istihbarat sa\u011flamada \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131. Donanman\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karma planlamas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan gelgitler, ak\u0131nt\u0131lar ve di\u011fer okyanus ko\u015fullar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda raporlar haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tarawa Sava\u015f\u0131<\/h2>\n\n<p>O\u015finografik istihbarat eksikli\u011fi, 1943&#8217;teki Tarawa Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;ndaki y\u00fcksek zayiatlara katk\u0131da bulundu. Sears&#8217;\u0131n ekibi, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelgitler ve resifler olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmi\u015fti ancak uyar\u0131lar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">JANIS Raporlar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sears ve ekibi, Ortak Ordu Deniz \u0130stihbarat \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 (JANIS) raporlar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdiler. Bu raporlar, Filipinler, Mariana Adalar\u0131 ve Caroline Adalar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere belirli hedefler i\u00e7in ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 o\u015finografik bilgiler sa\u011fl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Denizalt\u0131 Savunma Sava\u015f\u0131<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sears, denizalt\u0131 savunma sava\u015f\u0131nda da kilit bir rol oynad\u0131. Donanman\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fman denizalt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmesine ve izlemesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan okyanus s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 ve termoklinler hakk\u0131nda veri toplad\u0131 ve analiz etti.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Miras<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sava\u015ftan sonra Sears, o\u015finografi alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam etti. Deep Sea Research&#8217;\u00fcn kurucu ortak edit\u00f6r\u00fcyd\u00fc ve ilk Uluslararas\u0131 O\u015finografi Kongresi&#8217;ni koordine etti. 1970&#8217;te Woods Hole&#8217;dan emekli oldu ve 1997&#8217;de vefat etti.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Donanma \u00dczerindeki Etki<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sears&#8217;\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, Donanman\u0131n o\u015finografiye ve amfibi sava\u015fa yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda devrim yaratt\u0131. O\u015finografik istihbarat\u0131, Donanman\u0131n Pasifik seferini kazanmas\u0131na ve say\u0131s\u0131z hayat kurtarmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ek Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hidrografi Ofisi&#8217;ndeki Sears&#8217;\u0131n ekibi, her hedef b\u00f6lge i\u00e7in 33&#8217;ten fazla o\u015finografik konuyu analiz etmekten sorumluydu.<\/li>\n<li>JANIS raporlar\u0131, gelgitler, ak\u0131nt\u0131lar, deniz seviyesinin y\u00fckselmesi ve dalga modelleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli o\u015finografik olaylar\u0131 kaps\u0131yordu.<\/li>\n<li>Sears&#8217;\u0131n denizalt\u0131 savunma sava\u015f\u0131 konusundaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Donanman\u0131n denizalt\u0131lar\u0131 tespit etmek ve izlemek i\u00e7in yeni taktikler ve teknolojiler geli\u015ftirmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu.<\/li>\n<li>2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD Donanmas\u0131, onuruna yeni bir o\u015finografik ara\u015ft\u0131rma gemisine USNS Mary Sears ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Anahtar Kelimeler:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Amfibi operasyonlar<\/li>\n<li>Tarawa Sava\u015f\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Hidrografik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar<\/li>\n<li>JANIS raporlar\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Deniz biyolojisi<\/li>\n<li>Donanma<\/li>\n<li>O\u015finografik istihbarat<\/li>\n<li>O\u015finografi<\/li>\n<li>Denizalt\u0131 sava\u015f\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Gelgitler<\/li>\n<li>Sualt\u0131 topografyas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mary Sears: II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131&#8217;n\u0131 Kazanmaya Yard\u0131mc\u0131 Olan O\u015finograf Erken Ya\u015fam ve E\u011fitim Mary Sears, 1905 y\u0131l\u0131nda Massachusetts, Wayland&#8217;da do\u011fdu. Gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta deniz biyolojisine ilgi duymaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bilimde kad\u0131n olarak&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2003],"tags":[1998,2002,361,2000,56,2001,1997,1999,1302,211,99],"class_list":["post-842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-oceanography","tag-amphibious-warfare","tag-anti-submarine-warfare","tag-marine-biology","tag-hydrographic-surveys","tag-world-war-ii","tag-janis-reports","tag-mary-sears","tag-oceanographic-intelligence","tag-oceanography","tag-women-in-stem","tag-lifescienceart"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/842","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=842"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/842\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":843,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/842\/revisions\/843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=842"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=842"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=842"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}