{"id":1028,"date":"2026-06-16T13:56:01","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T13:56:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1028"},"modified":"2026-06-16T13:56:01","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T13:56:01","slug":"tibetan-mastiffs-high-altitude-adaptation-adaptive-introgression","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/zoology\/tibetan-mastiffs-high-altitude-adaptation-adaptive-introgression\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00ed m\u1eadt gen HBB v\u00e0 EPAS1: C\u00e1ch ch\u00f3 Tibetan Mastiff chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9 cao"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eadp gen th\u00edch nghi: M\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft di truy\u1ec1n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, v\u1edbi b\u1edd l\u00f4ng r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 v\u00f3c d\u00e1ng h\u00f9ng v\u0129, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed lo\u00e3ng oxy c\u1ee7a Cao nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t ra th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao nh\u1eefng con ch\u00f3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00edch nghi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 chinh ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u1eb1m \u1edf nh\u1eadp gen th\u00edch nghi, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i thu nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch giao ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Nh\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc Zhen Wang c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Sinh h\u1ecdc Shanghai nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch giao ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00f3 s\u00f3i x\u00e1m, lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 cao cao.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 b\u00ed m\u1eadt di truy\u1ec1n<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft, Wang ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gen c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 gen \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a 49 lo\u00e0i h\u1ecd ch\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n Cao nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00f3 s\u00f3i, ch\u00f3 nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u00f3 r\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n hai bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 gen \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb b\u1edfi ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00f3 s\u00f3i x\u00e1m: c\u00e1c gen HBB v\u00e0 EPAS1. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng oxy v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao cao.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gen HBB v\u00e0 EPAS1<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 gen HBB t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n oxy c\u1ee7a hemoglobin, protein trong h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m mang oxy kh\u1eafp c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Th\u00edch nghi n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u oxy h\u01a1n t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed m\u1ecfng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 gen EPAS1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hemoglobin t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u hemoglobin \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c oxy th\u1ea5p, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u1ef5.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Wang cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, kho\u1ea3ng 24.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c quan ni\u1ec7m Darwin truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 \u201cs\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t\u201d, ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n gen c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp gen th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a trao \u0111\u1ed5i gen trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng giao ph\u1ed1i li\u00ean lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t cho s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ho\u00e1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u00e1c th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng oxy, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ee9c oxy th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eadp gen th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00edch nghi n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch giao ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00f3 s\u00f3i x\u00e1m, lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Cao nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c gen HBB v\u00e0 EPAS1 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mang oxy v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u.<\/li>\n<li>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb giao ph\u1ed1i li\u00ean lo\u00e0i, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea1nh tranh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed9 cao Nh\u1eadp gen th\u00edch nghi: M\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft di truy\u1ec1n Ch\u00f3 Mastiff T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, v\u1edbi b\u1edd l\u00f4ng&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25486,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[2398,2399,188,2397,2396,136],"class_list":["post-1028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-adaptive-introgression","tag-canine-biology","tag-genetics","tag-high-altitude-adaptation","tag-tibetan-mastiff","tag-evolution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1028","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1028"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1028\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25487,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1028\/revisions\/25487"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25486"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1028"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1028"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1028"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}