{"id":1067,"date":"2023-06-23T16:00:22","date_gmt":"2023-06-23T16:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1067"},"modified":"2023-06-23T16:00:22","modified_gmt":"2023-06-23T16:00:22","slug":"celebrity-memorabilia-and-the-power-of-contagion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/psychology\/celebrity-memorabilia-and-the-power-of-contagion\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan: Ni\u1ec1m tin k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ni\u1ec1m tin k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/h2>\n\n

Ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/h2>\n\n

Trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u00ea t\u00edn d\u1ecb \u0111oan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ni\u1ec1m tin n\u00e0y, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 \u1edf ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “l\u00e2y lan”, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n sang m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1. H\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau m\u1ebfn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 John F. Kennedy v\u00e0 Marilyn Monroe, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 \u00edt ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n cho nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb gh\u00e9t r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Bernie Madoff, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng Madoff \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n. Nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd cao h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n, so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, th\u00ec ni\u1ec1m tin k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u00e1o len c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 th\u00eam cho l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. H\u1ecd h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 bao nhi\u00eau cho m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o len gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o len \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa. So v\u1edbi \u00e1o len ch\u01b0a qua ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 \u00edt ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o len c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau m\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 cho chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o len m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n l\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd coi tr\u1ecdng “b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t” m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n cho chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o len h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o len thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng b\u1ecb khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o len \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf “b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t” c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng b\u1ecb khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o kho\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng t\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a John F. Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 570.000 \u0111\u00f4 la t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e1. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o kho\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o kho\u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 t\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a JFK.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ni\u1ec1m tin k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u, ngay c\u1ea3 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u00e2y lan, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n sang m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u01b0 mua v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u1ef7 v\u1eadt.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ni\u1ec1m tin k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Trong…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[2465,2464,97,1237,2466],"class_list":["post-1067","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-psychology","tag-contagion","tag-celebrity-memorabilia","tag-science","tag-psychology","tag-magical-thinking"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1067","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1067"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1067\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1068,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1067\/revisions\/1068"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1067"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}