{"id":11413,"date":"2026-02-19T21:32:22","date_gmt":"2026-02-19T21:32:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11413"},"modified":"2026-02-19T21:32:22","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T21:32:22","slug":"oldest-black-hole-discovery-sheds-light-on-early-universe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/astronomy\/oldest-black-hole-discovery-sheds-light-on-early-universe\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u1ed9 di\u1ec7n: b\u00ed \u1ea9n 470 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m sau Big Bang"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n: B\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u01a1 khai<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u1eeba ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c m\u1edbi: h\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 470 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m sau Big Bang. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y n\u00e0y mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 \u0111en \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ee9c tranh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 thu\u1edf n\u1eafm m\u1edbi ch\u1edbm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1 \u0111en<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u1eb1m trong thi\u00ean h\u00e0 UHZ1, h\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 10 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn 100 tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi\u2014m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u0169 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh si\u00eau h\u1ed1 \u0111en ph\u1ea3i xem l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan s\u00e1t<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hai \u201ckh\u1ee7ng long\u201d quan s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng gian: K\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng James Webb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n 11 thi\u00ean h\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi, c\u00f2n K\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u0103n tia X Chandra ghi nh\u1eadn tia X b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb h\u1ed1 \u0111en trong UHZ1.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00e0m \u00fd cho l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1 \u0111en<\/h2>\n\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft \u201ch\u1ea1t n\u1eb7ng\u201d: m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 si\u00eau h\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra \u0111\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u201cl\u1edbn d\u1ea7n\u201d t\u1eeb h\u1ed1 \u0111en nh\u1ecf theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u01a1 khai<\/h2>\n\n<p>H\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn ng\u1eafm \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m sau khi kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 \u0111en kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh thi\u00ean h\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u1ea7n th\u00eam quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c si\u00eau h\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 tia X cho th\u1ea5y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1 \u0111en.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature Astronomy khi\u1ebfn c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u00ean v\u0103n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u x\u00f4n xao.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eabn \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 b\u00ed \u1ea9n h\u1ed1 \u0111en v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ed1 \u0111en<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00f3 hai m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ed1 \u0111en kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sao:<\/strong> H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a sao si\u00eau kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c h\u1ea1t n\u1eb7ng:<\/strong> Si\u00eau h\u1ed1 \u0111en xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y kh\u00ed l\u1edbn, b\u1ecf qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>H\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf UHZ1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t n\u1eb7ng, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n ngay th\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f2n th\u01a1 \u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a thi\u00ean h\u00e0<\/h2>\n\n<p>Si\u00eau h\u1ed1 \u0111en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a trong ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a thi\u00ean h\u00e0. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 sao v\u00e0 kh\u00ed trong thi\u00ean h\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li>K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 t\u1ea1o sao.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea9y kh\u00ed ra kh\u1ecfi thi\u00ean h\u00e0, k\u1ebft th\u00fac qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o sao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n h\u1ed1 \u0111en kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 th\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 non tr\u1ebb g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 chi ph\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean h\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c quan s\u00e1t h\u1ed1 \u0111en \u1edf UHZ1 c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u01a1 khai.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a thi\u00ean h\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n: B\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u01a1 khai Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u1eeba&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25294,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[437],"tags":[15453,4225,15454,436,697],"class_list":["post-11413","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomy","tag-black-hole","tag-early-universe","tag-galaxy-formation","tag-astrophysics","tag-cosmology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11413","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11413"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11413\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25295,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11413\/revisions\/25295"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25294"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11413"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11413"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11413"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}