{"id":11463,"date":"2020-08-08T21:43:21","date_gmt":"2020-08-08T21:43:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11463"},"modified":"2020-08-08T21:43:21","modified_gmt":"2020-08-08T21:43:21","slug":"denisova-11-reveals-secrets-of-human-ancestry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/anthropology\/denisova-11-reveals-secrets-of-human-ancestry\/","title":{"rendered":"Denisova 11: Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 b\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Denisova 11: H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 b\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n

Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi lai gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Hominin<\/h3>\n\n

N\u0103m 2010, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 t\u1ea1i hang \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf d\u00e3y n\u00fai Altai, Siberia: m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Denisova 11, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lai gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Hominin 13 tu\u1ed5i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Denisova. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 lai gi\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ea3nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Denisova 11. H\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o gi\u1eefa DNA ti th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 c\u00f4, gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi DNA c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal v\u00e0 DNA h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 cha v\u00e0 m\u1eb9, ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNA Denisova b\u1eb1ng nhau.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Denisova: H\u1ecd h\u00e0ng xa, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 g\u1ea7n<\/h3>\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Denisova, hai lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean chung c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 390.000 n\u0103m. Trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf T\u00e2y \u00c1-\u00c2u, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi Denisova lang thang \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi Denisova, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p lai gi\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n

Gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh lai gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Denisova 11<\/h3>\n\n

M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Denisova 11 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal t\u1eeb T\u00e2y \u00c2u, trong khi d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i c\u1ee7a cha c\u00f4 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh hang \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf d\u00e3y n\u00fai Altai. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA c\u0169ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng cha c\u1ee7a Denisova 11 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal, ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 giao ph\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lai gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i: Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h3>\n\n

Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 Denisova 11 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lai gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi suy ngh\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n di truy\u1ec1n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n

D\u1ea5u v\u1ebft di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Denisova v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong DNA c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Hai ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 mang DNA c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal, trong khi t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1u ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Melanesia c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Denisova.<\/p>\n\n

Hang \u0111\u1ed9ng Denisova: Kho b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n\n

Hang \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf d\u00e3y n\u00fai Altai \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Denisova v\u00e0 Denisova 11. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Hominin kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 lai gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1ef1 lai gi\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi Neanderthal, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Denisova v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Denisova 11<\/h3>\n\n

Denisova 11 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ea3nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 lai gi\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i, s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h3>\n\n

Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 Denisova 11 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00eam v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb Denisova 11 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lai gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Hominin kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 lai gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Denisova 11: H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 b\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi lai gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Hominin N\u0103m 2010, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[1568,15514,188,15518,15517,15515,15516,487],"class_list":["post-11463","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anthropology","tag-paleoanthropology","tag-denisova-11","tag-genetics","tag-interspecies-breeding","tag-denisovan","tag-hybrid-hominin","tag-neanderthal","tag-human-evolution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11463","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11463"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11463\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11464,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11463\/revisions\/11464"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11463"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11463"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11463"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}