{"id":11504,"date":"2024-06-05T01:08:21","date_gmt":"2024-06-05T01:08:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11504"},"modified":"2024-06-05T01:08:21","modified_gmt":"2024-06-05T01:08:21","slug":"evolution-of-carnivorous-plants-meat-eaters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/botany\/evolution-of-carnivorous-plants-meat-eaters\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt: Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i \u0103n th\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt: Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i \u0103n th\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n<p>Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 hoa hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0103n th\u1ecbt t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Charles Darwin \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gen<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y trong khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c gen hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c enzyme ti\u00eau h\u00f3a ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y protein v\u00e0 kitin \u1edf c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0103n c\u1ecf. C\u00e1c enzyme n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a con m\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i enzyme c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a jasmonat<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jasmonat l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0103n th\u1ecbt. \u1ede h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt, jasmonat k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c enzyme ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng khi con m\u1ed3i b\u1ecb b\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng b\u00e8o \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt, kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng jasmonat theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c th\u00edch nghi ti\u00eau h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n<p>Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u00edch nghi ti\u00eau h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb con m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng th\u00edch nghi n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>B\u1eaby:<\/strong> L\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft v\u00e0 gi\u1eef con m\u1ed3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enzyme:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y protein, kitin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c protein v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong c\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a sinh th\u00e1i<\/h2>\n\n<p>Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong chu tr\u00ecnh dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. Ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng ngh\u00e8o dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn n\u00e0y.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt: Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i \u0103n th\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0103n th\u1ecbt, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb kinh&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23570,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1823],"tags":[1822,449,1647,136,15576],"class_list":["post-11504","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-botany","tag-carnivorous-plants","tag-plant-science","tag-adaptation","tag-evolution","tag-digestion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11504"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11505,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11504\/revisions\/11505"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}