{"id":11506,"date":"2024-08-01T19:01:26","date_gmt":"2024-08-01T19:01:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11506"},"modified":"2024-08-01T19:01:26","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T19:01:26","slug":"plastic-eating-bacteria-discovered-hope-for-recycling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/environmental-science\/plastic-eating-bacteria-discovered-hope-for-recycling\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n vi khu\u1ea9n ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a, mang l\u1ea1i hy v\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra vi khu\u1ea9n \u0103n nh\u1ef1a t\u1ea1i b\u00e3i r\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a: M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn, v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n nh\u1ef1a b\u1ecb th\u1ea3i ra b\u00e3i r\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Nh\u1ef1a polyurethane, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 gi\u00e0y th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 do \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t tia hy v\u1ecdng: Vi khu\u1ea9n \u0103n nh\u1ef1a<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyurethane. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tia hy v\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n\n

Pseudomonas sp. TDA1: Vi khu\u1ea9n ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y polyurethane<\/h2>\n\n

Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u00e3i r\u00e1c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o l\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyurethane v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1ch Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a<\/h2>\n\n

Vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc gi\u1eef nh\u1ef1a l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p carbon, nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

Khai th\u00e1c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nh\u1ef1a<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch vi khu\u1ea9n ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra vi khu\u1ea9n \u0103n nh\u1ef1a r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o nh\u1ef1a d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a:<\/h2>\n\n

Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1c vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyurethane, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n:<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

Ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a:<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c gen v\u00e0 enzyme ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n

Ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n:<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trong nh\u1ef1a polyurethane, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00eam nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi enzyme:<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 gen v\u00e0 enzyme c\u1ee7a Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy h\u1ebft ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra Pseudomonas sp. TDA1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khai th\u00e1c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra vi khu\u1ea9n \u0103n nh\u1ef1a t\u1ea1i b\u00e3i r\u00e1c \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a: M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23995,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[36,263,15577,9943,998,1439],"class_list":["post-11506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environmental-science","tag-environmental-science","tag-plastic-pollution","tag-biodegradation","tag-polyurethane","tag-recycling","tag-bacteria"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11506","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11506"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11506\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11507,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11506\/revisions\/11507"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23995"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11506"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11506"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11506"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}