{"id":11698,"date":"2019-04-18T22:01:58","date_gmt":"2019-04-18T22:01:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11698"},"modified":"2019-04-18T22:01:58","modified_gmt":"2019-04-18T22:01:58","slug":"malta-megalithic-marvels-rising-from-the-sea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/archaeology\/malta-megalithic-marvels-rising-from-the-sea\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Malta: V\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Malta: V\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i xanh ng\u1eaft, qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 Malta \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t b\u00ed m\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn: m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9, minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u00f3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 Stonehenge v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p Ai C\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Robert Wernick \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o b\u00ed \u1ea9n n\u00e0y, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n xung quanh nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y. Ba h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Malta, n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch m\u0169i Sicily ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e3ng ng\u1eafn, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n c\u1ed5 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tu\u1ed5i v\u00f2ng c\u00e2y: H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn n\u00e0y, cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ea7n 6.000 n\u0103m. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 so v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh tinh vi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Malta<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Malta v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed \u1ea9n. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ngh\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc say m\u00ea trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc: Khai qu\u1eadt nh\u1eefng kho b\u00e1u \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Malta, Cambridge v\u00e0 Bristol \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n t\u00e1m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 khai qu\u1eadt c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd n\u00e0y, ph\u00e1t\u6398 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt gi\u00fap l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Malta. Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 \u0111i\u00eau b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc tinh x\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a trang, cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a UNESCO: B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n Malta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Di s\u1ea3n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020. S\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e1u v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 mai sau.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Malta n\u1eb1m r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, m\u1ed7i ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ri\u00eang. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0126a\u0121ar Qim:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Malta, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn n\u1eb7ng t\u1edbi 20 t\u1ea5n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mnajdra:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m ba ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n nh\u00ecn ra bi\u1ec3n, mang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n Tarxien:<\/strong> Qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh x\u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Malta, v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n \u0120gantija:<\/strong> N\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Gozo, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ef1 do l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Malta l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i qua bao th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac k\u1ef3 th\u00fa n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam s\u1ef1 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a di s\u1ea3n nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Malta: V\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 quan ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i N\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i xanh ng\u1eaft, qu\u1ed1c&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[1161,15817,88,1643,15816,1160],"class_list":["post-11698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-world-heritage","tag-megaliths","tag-archaeology","tag-ancient-history","tag-malta","tag-unesco"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11698"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11699,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11698\/revisions\/11699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}