{"id":11827,"date":"2024-04-07T03:18:33","date_gmt":"2024-04-07T03:18:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11827"},"modified":"2024-04-07T03:18:33","modified_gmt":"2024-04-07T03:18:33","slug":"glaciers-frozen-archives-climate-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/earth-science\/glaciers-frozen-archives-climate-history\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng: Kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u0103ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00ed h\u1eadu"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng: Kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng, nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean nang th\u1eddi gian, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00f5i b\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n

L\u00f5i b\u0103ng: M\u1edf kh\u00f3a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/h3>\n\n

L\u00f5i b\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoan t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u0103ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 phun tr\u00e0o n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng \u1edf T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h3>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c l\u00f5i b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, Nam C\u1ef1c v\u00e0 Greenland, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 nghi ng\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady t\u1eeb T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u1ea5m \u00e1p c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tan b\u0103ng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ebfn N\u00fai Waddington, ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u1edf British Columbia, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. H\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u00f5i b\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n

Khoan v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n\n

Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c khoan c\u00e1c l\u00f5i do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ea5m \u00e1p. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i khoan v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i khi b\u0103ng l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n b\u0103ng tan ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd l\u00e0 l\u00f5i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 trong su\u1ed1t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u00e0u xanh lam v\u00e0 tr\u1eafng theo d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u0103ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00f5i<\/h3>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington \u1edf Seattle \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00eam. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ee5i m\u00f9a h\u00e8 v\u00e0 b\u0103ng m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ee5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a oxy v\u00e0 hydro \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u01a1i ra kh\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 l\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i t\u1ea3o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean b\u0103ng, cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 giun b\u0103ng. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng c\u0169ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng<\/h3>\n\n

Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u0103ng do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a gia t\u0103ng r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u01b0a ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tuy\u1ebft, l\u00e0m tan b\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp tuy\u1ebft. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u0103ng tan, \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n

B\u0103ng tan g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00ednh c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng \u1edf v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh<\/h3>\n\n

T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng \u1edf v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh, r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Nh\u1eefng s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111ang tan ch\u1ea3y nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd s\u1edbm b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u00e3i m\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng \u1edf v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng n\u00e0y l\u01b0u gi\u1eef, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u00fang ta. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c l\u00f5i b\u0103ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng: Kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng C\u00e1c s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng, nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean nang th\u1eddi gian, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[34,97,570,572,3069,15981,283,722,8053,252],"class_list":["post-11827","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-climate-change","tag-science","tag-climate-science","tag-earth-science","tag-climate-history","tag-ice-cores","tag-environment","tag-glaciers","tag-pacific-northwest","tag-nature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11827","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11827"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11827\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11828,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11827\/revisions\/11828"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11827"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11827"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11827"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}