Gen c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, t\u1eeb ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu gen c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn DNA th\u00ec sao? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Michael Skinner, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a con ch\u00e1u ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n
Di truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o DNA nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t mang duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m di truy\u1ec1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Skinner \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y sang th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c: di truy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u sinh. Di truy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u sinh \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi DNA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gen m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 DNA.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u sinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y ra, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a thai nhi. Nh\u1eefng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 mang thai, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Skinner l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u sinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u sinh xuy\u00ean th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. Trong c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Skinner \u0111\u00e3 cho nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t c\u00e1i mang thai ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t n\u1ea5m vinclozolin. \u00d4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ef1c con c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh tr\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 DNA c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. Nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a ch\u00e1u v\u00e0 ch\u1eaft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c, cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u sinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n
Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Skinner c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t di truy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u sinh kh\u00e1c nhau. Khi \u00f4ng cho nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t c\u00e1i mang thai ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m methyl v\u1edbi DNA. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t ch\u1eaft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i tr\u00ean di s\u1ea3n di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n
Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Skinner c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u00e9o ph\u00ec v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp trung trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n
Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Skinner th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, v\u1ed1n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp do vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac g\u00e2y ra. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, theo d\u00f5i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n
Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Skinner \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i v\u00e0 ho\u00e0i nghi, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra m\u1edbi, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 Skinner \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ranh gi\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Di s\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n: \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gen c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta Gen c\u1ee7a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23514,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16489],"tags":[16487,16486,188,16488,4638],"class_list":["post-12209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genetics-and-epigenetics","tag-transgenerational-effects","tag-epigenetics","tag-genetics","tag-toxins","tag-environmental-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12209","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12209"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12209\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12210,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12209\/revisions\/12210"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12209"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12209"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}