{"id":12284,"date":"2019-10-11T04:46:00","date_gmt":"2019-10-11T04:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12284"},"modified":"2019-10-11T04:46:00","modified_gmt":"2019-10-11T04:46:00","slug":"animal-art-challenging-our-understanding-of-creativity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/animal-behavior\/animal-art-challenging-our-understanding-of-creativity\/","title":{"rendered":"Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n<p>Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u1edfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Berkeley ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra s\u1edf th\u00edch ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a chim s\u1ebb Java. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3y con chim trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i l\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, bao g\u1ed3m tranh theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i l\u1eadp th\u1ec3, tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. H\u1ecd quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con chim d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eadu tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i l\u1eadp th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0, ba con chim s\u1ebb th\u00edch tranh theo phong c\u00e1ch Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n h\u01a1n tranh theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i l\u1eadp th\u1ec3, trong khi hai con kh\u00e1c th\u00edch tranh theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i l\u1eadp th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n tranh theo phong c\u00e1ch Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, chim b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa tranh c\u1ee7a Picasso v\u00e0 Monet v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt &#8220;t\u1ed1t&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;x\u1ea5u&#8221;. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 tinh tinh, kh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 voi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta t\u1eebng ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi ch\u00fang. Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c khi coi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec?<\/li>\n<li>Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/li>\n<li>Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt?<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1i sao con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1 ch\u00e9p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eefa Bach v\u00e0 John Lee Hooker c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/li>\n<li>Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi?<\/li>\n<li>Xem x\u00e9t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c?<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/li>\n<li>H\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/li>\n<li>S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/li>\n<li>\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/li>\n<li>\u00dd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/li>\n<li>H\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[2787,16595,1218,6193,517],"class_list":["post-12284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-art-appreciation","tag-animal-art","tag-perception","tag-animal-cognition","tag-creativity"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12284"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12284\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12285,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12284\/revisions\/12285"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}