{"id":12350,"date":"2024-02-29T17:56:57","date_gmt":"2024-02-29T17:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12350"},"modified":"2024-02-29T17:56:57","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T17:56:57","slug":"the-last-man-mary-shelleys-apocalyptic-masterpiece","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/the-last-man-mary-shelleys-apocalyptic-masterpiece\/","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eadn th\u1ebf kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Mary Shelley"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Mary Shelley: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ed5ng quan<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mary Shelley, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft Gothic kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Frankenstein, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1826. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>L\u1ea5y b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t vong c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, Lionel Verney, k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i t\u1eadn th\u1ebf mang t\u00ednh h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i lo th\u1eddi Victoria<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u01a1n d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Victoria. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u1ed7i lo c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Shelley \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 v\u00ec coi r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd do b\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gia tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng vang v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 phim v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Trong Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Shelley kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh<\/strong>: Cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong>: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m, nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a Verney nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a hy v\u1ecdng<\/strong>: Ngay c\u1ea3 trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111en t\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t, cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft c\u0169ng g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi Frankenstein<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 Frankenstein c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i lo x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1. Frankenstein t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o khoa h\u1ecdc, trong khi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n<p>Theo th\u1eddi gian, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng vang v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c g\u1ee3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a \u0111u\u00f4i d\u00e0i:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft h\u1eadu t\u1eadn th\u1ebf Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Mary Shelley<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: M\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Mary Shelley<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: M\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/li>\n<li>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Mary Shelley \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n<\/li>\n<li>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch trong Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Mary Shelley<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/li>\n<li>So s\u00e1nh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Frankenstein<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7i lo th\u1eddi Victoria<\/li>\n<li>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Mary Shelley \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Mary Shelley: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng T\u1ed5ng quan Mary Shelley, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft Gothic kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Frankenstein, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1o&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[3995,157,16696,16694,16695,16692,16693],"class_list":["post-12350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-plague","tag-science-fiction","tag-mary-shelley","tag-feminist-critique","tag-gothic-novel","tag-apocalyptic-fiction","tag-dystopian-literature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12350"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12350\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12351,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12350\/revisions\/12351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}