{"id":1242,"date":"2023-05-06T05:51:16","date_gmt":"2023-05-06T05:51:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1242"},"modified":"2023-05-06T05:51:16","modified_gmt":"2023-05-06T05:51:16","slug":"scorpion-bombs-an-ancient-weapon-of-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/ancient-history\/scorpion-bombs-an-ancient-weapon-of-war\/","title":{"rendered":"Bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p: V\u0169 kh\u00ed b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p: V\u0169 kh\u00ed chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec Hatra, n\u1eb1m \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 Iraq, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Hatra \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i La M\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e9m nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh l\u00ea d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch &#8220;Greek Fire, Poison Arrows &amp; Scorpion Bombs&#8221; c\u1ee7a Adrienne Mayor. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Mayor ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e9 trai, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e9 g\u00e1i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng &#8220;qu\u1ea3 l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n&#8221; s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p<\/h2>\n\n<p>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p l\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn nh\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt v\u00e0o \u0111u\u00f4i b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ea7n kinh th\u00e9p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eafm b\u1eafn ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u00f3m National Geographic \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng con b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p v\u00e0o t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u00ea li\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p<\/h2>\n\n<p>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p l\u00e0 B\u1ecd c\u1ea1p t\u1eed th\u1ea7n Iraq, m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9c. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 bom v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9m bom tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p<\/h2>\n\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9m v\u00e0o k\u1ebb th\u00f9, nh\u1eefng con b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. N\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a B\u1ecd c\u1ea1p t\u1eed th\u1ea7n Iraq c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1eed vong.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p trong chi\u1ebfn tranh<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn c\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c v\u00e2y h\u00e3m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u00e0 t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra n\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 to l\u1edbn cho k\u1ebb th\u00f9. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong chi\u1ebfn tranh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pin Baghdad l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5 v\u1eadt c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t. Chi\u1ebfc pin n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1936 g\u1ea7n Baghdad, Iraq v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Parthia (247 TCN \u2013 224 SCN).<\/li>\n<li>V\u0169 kh\u00ed sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t k\u1ebb th\u00f9. V\u0169 kh\u00ed sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong chi\u1ebfn tranh trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ea li\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m. T\u00ea li\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p: V\u0169 kh\u00ed chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i L\u1ecbch s\u1eed bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p Bom b\u1ecd c\u1ea1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0 d\u00e2n&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2829],"tags":[2824,2826,2819,2820,2823,2822,2825,2828,2821,2827],"class_list":["post-1242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ancient-history","tag-adrienne-mayor","tag-baghdad-battery","tag-scorpion-bombs","tag-ancient-warfare","tag-greek-fire-poison-arrows-scorpion-bombs","tag-hatra","tag-emperor-septimius-severus","tag-torpor","tag-roman-army","tag-biochemical-weapons"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1242","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1242"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1242\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1243,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1242\/revisions\/1243"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}