{"id":12435,"date":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","date_gmt":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12435"},"modified":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","modified_gmt":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","slug":"walter-cronkite-the-first-anchorman-or-was-he","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/life\/media\/walter-cronkite-the-first-anchorman-or-was-he\/","title":{"rendered":"Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean? Walter Cronkite hay m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean kh\u00e1c? H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn!"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Walter Cronkite: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean&#8230; hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady?<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n<p>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh&#8221; c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 10 ho\u1eb7c 11. Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Anh-Saxon, t\u1eeb &#8220;ancor-man&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh &#8220;proreta&#8221;, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean t\u00e0u ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 neo. Theo th\u1eddi gian, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch l\u0169y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mang t\u00ednh \u1ea9n d\u1ee5, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i k\u00e9o co<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u01a1i trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfp s\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i bowling<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ec3 thao n\u00e0o<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ecdc vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">John Cameron Swayze: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh&#8221; \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t thanh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn khi truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh ra \u0111\u1eddi, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e0 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh&#8221; tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Walter Cronkite. Cronkite l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh CBS Evening News t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1962 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1981 v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1m t\u0129nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Mike Conway cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng kh\u00e1c, John Cameron Swayze, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Swayze \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed1 vui &#8220;Who Said That?&#8221; c\u1ee7a NBC t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1948 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1954, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t thanh vi\u00ean th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 trong &#8220;Camel News Caravan&#8221;, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a NBC.<\/p>\n\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Hoa K\u1ef3, Conway \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 Swayze trong &#8220;Who Said That?&#8221; t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1948. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Cronkite b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh CBS Evening News v\u00e0i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Walter Cronkite: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 khi Swayze l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec n\u1eefa, Cronkite l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t. S\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1m t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a Cronkite \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap d\u1eabn d\u1eaft qu\u1ed1c gia v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m v\u1ee5 \u00e1m s\u00e1t JFK, Chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 v\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i Watergate.<\/p>\n\n<p>Cronkite c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n tin tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n tin truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t tin t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u00fac t\u00edch, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Walter Cronkite<\/li>\n<li>John Cameron Swayze<\/li>\n<li>Edward R. Murrow<\/li>\n<li>David Brinkley<\/li>\n<li>Tom Brokaw<\/li>\n<li>Dan Rather<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 tin t\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Walter Cronkite: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean&#8230; hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady? Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh&#8221; Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh&#8221; c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16815],"tags":[16812,6204,16813,16814,16811],"class_list":["post-12435","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-media","tag-john-cameron-swayze","tag-media-history","tag-anchorman","tag-television-news","tag-walter-cronkite"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12435","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12435"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12435\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12436,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12435\/revisions\/12436"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}