C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3n, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n cho nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111ang thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 biomimetism, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n
Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m hoa nh\u1ecf \u1edf hoa h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xo\u1eafn Fermat, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb (g\u01b0\u01a1ng theo d\u00f5i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi) trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n
Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o g\u00f3c cho m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u1edf \u201cg\u00f3c v\u00e0ng\u201d 137,5\u00b0 so v\u1edbi m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u00e2n c\u1eadn s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y, l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i gi\u00f3 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c tua bin gi\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c ngang quay vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng tua bin n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u cho c\u00e1c tua bin l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. Biomimetism \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c tua bin gi\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee9ng, l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u di chuy\u1ec3n theo \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i c\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1 b\u01a1i t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra ph\u00eda sau c\u00e1c tua bin gi\u00f3. Thay v\u00ec c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1 l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Dabiri t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c trang tr\u1ea1i gi\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c tua bin tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee9ng g\u1ea7n nhau v\u00e0 so le h\u01b0\u1edbng quay, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i tua bin tr\u1ee5c ngang truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n
Ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3n v\u1eabn ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c. Jennifer Franck thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Wisconsin \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “c\u00e1nh ng\u1ea7m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng” l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ed7 c\u00e1nh khi bay c\u1ee7a c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, chim v\u00e0 d\u01a1i. Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5p nh\u00f4 v\u00e0 nghi\u00eang m\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Franck cho th\u1ea5y thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sinh h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n
Reza Alam thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Berkeley \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd h\u01a1n: b\u00f9n. \u00d4ng quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u00f9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n, gi\u00fap n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Alam \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 biomimetism h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cao li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ngo\u00e0i ra, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb sinh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khai th\u00e1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Biomimetism: Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean trong n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o Khai th\u00e1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24367,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[121],"tags":[16975,977,304,119,83,9811],"class_list":["post-12566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energy","tag-marine-energy","tag-wind-energy","tag-solar-energy","tag-renewable-energy","tag-biomimicry","tag-nature-inspired-design"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12566"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24368,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12566\/revisions\/24368"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}