{"id":12601,"date":"2021-08-19T10:17:24","date_gmt":"2021-08-19T10:17:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12601"},"modified":"2021-08-19T10:17:24","modified_gmt":"2021-08-19T10:17:24","slug":"proteins-reveal-hidden-stories-in-1630-plague-death-registry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/history-of-science\/proteins-reveal-hidden-stories-in-1630-plague-death-registry\/","title":{"rendered":"Protein h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u trong S\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u1eed vong v\u00ec d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch n\u0103m 1630"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c protein h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u trong S\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u1eed vong v\u00ec d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch n\u0103m 1630<\/h2>\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch protein trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t protein t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, qua \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf th\u00eam v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Proteomics<\/h2>\n\n

Proteomics, ng\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 protein, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ADN c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y theo th\u1eddi gian, protein \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u0129a EVA v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t protein<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a etyl vinyl axetat (EVA) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh protein. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 kh\u1ed1i, gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c protein v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u1eed vong v\u00ec d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch \u1edf Milan n\u0103m 1630<\/h2>\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p proteomics v\u00e0o S\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u1eed vong v\u00ec d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch \u1edf Milan n\u0103m 1630. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a t\u00ean v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eed vong trong \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c protein c\u00f3 trong s\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 x\u1ea3y ra d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch. H\u1ecd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m, vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n

Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch protein cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ghi ch\u00e9p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0103n ng\u00f4, khoai t\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eadu xanh, g\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e0 r\u1ed1t. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a protein t\u1eeb c\u1eebu v\u00e0 d\u00ea cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00e1ch ly ki\u1ec3m d\u1ecbch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh c\u00f3 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eed vong v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n

\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c protein thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd vi khu\u1ea9n Yersinia, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c protein n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Yersinia kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p proteomics m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 protein c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u t\u1eeb v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch proteomics c\u1ee7a S\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u1eed vong v\u00ec d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch \u1edf Milan n\u0103m 1630 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c n\u00e0y. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p proteomics c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00f4ng tin \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n

H\u00e9 l\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/h2>\n\n

Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 proteomics, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c protein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c protein h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u trong S\u1ed5 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u1eed vong v\u00ec d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch n\u0103m 1630 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch protein trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trong…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[295,89,3995,17025,17027,4641,17026],"class_list":["post-12601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history-of-science","tag-diet","tag-cultural-heritage","tag-plague","tag-proteomics","tag-animal-presence","tag-historical-documents","tag-environmental-reconstruction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12601"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12601\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12602,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12601\/revisions\/12602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}