{"id":12620,"date":"2022-01-22T01:07:32","date_gmt":"2022-01-22T01:07:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12620"},"modified":"2022-01-22T01:07:32","modified_gmt":"2022-01-22T01:07:32","slug":"battle-of-gettysburg-new-perspectives-gis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/battle-of-gettysburg-new-perspectives-gis\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u1eadn Gettysburg: M\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tr\u1eadn Gettysburg: M\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS<\/h2>\n\n

Xem l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111ang mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 xem l\u1ea1i Tr\u1eadn Gettysburg, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd (GIS) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c tr\u1ef1c quan v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n\n

Trong Tr\u1eadn Gettysburg, nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1edbng Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam Robert E. Lee, ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb m\u00f9 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec5n ra tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn. Do \u0111\u00f3, Lee kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sai l\u1ea7m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, T\u01b0\u1edbng Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Gouvernour K. Warren \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam t\u1eeb Little Round Top v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n v\u1eeba k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u tuy\u1ebfn li\u00ean bang. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c tr\u1ef1c quan n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Gettysburg \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cao tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i, mang l\u1ea1i cho h\u1ecd l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0n tr\u1ea3i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chi ti\u1ebft hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin<\/h2>\n\n

Th\u00f4ng tin k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy t\u1ea1i Gettysburg. T\u01b0\u1edbng Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc George Meade nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi so v\u1edbi Lee. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i cho Meade l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 “kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t”, hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lee<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c tr\u1ef1c quan c\u1ee7a Lee v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Gettysburg. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lee th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i h\u01a1n ch\u00fang ta t\u1eebng nh\u1eadn ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS \u0111ang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Tr\u1eadn Gettysburg. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u1ef1c quan chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, GIS cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi. Dan Miller, m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Middlebury, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GIS \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean m\u00ecnh trong Trung \u0111o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n Ohio 82 t\u1ea1i Gettysburg.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft<\/h2>\n\n

Tr\u1eadn Gettysburg l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tr\u1eadn Gettysburg: M\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 GIS Xem l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111ang mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[17051,17052,27,1242,17053],"class_list":["post-12620","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-battle-of-gettysburg","tag-gis-technology","tag-history","tag-military-history","tag-american-civil-war"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12620","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12620"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12620\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12621,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12620\/revisions\/12621"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12620"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12620"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12620"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}