{"id":12972,"date":"2023-01-18T14:36:58","date_gmt":"2023-01-18T14:36:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12972"},"modified":"2023-01-18T14:36:58","modified_gmt":"2023-01-18T14:36:58","slug":"the-birth-of-warlpiri-rampaku-a-new-language-in-the-australian-outback","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/linguistics\/the-birth-of-warlpiri-rampaku-a-new-language-in-the-australian-outback\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku: M\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1edbi \u1edf v\u00f9ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u00dac"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku: M\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1edbi \u1edf v\u00f9ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u00dac<\/h2>\n\n

T\u1ea1i ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh Lajamanu thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 B\u1eafc \u00dac, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1edbi: ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku.<\/p>\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1edbi<\/h3>\n\n

Ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 giao thoa ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Khi cha m\u1eb9 \u1edf Lajamanu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri, ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Kriol \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi con nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/h3>\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong c\u00fa ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb. Nh\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc Carmel O’Shannessy m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, bao g\u1ed3m th\u00ec “hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai”, m\u1ed9t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong ti\u1ebfng Anh ho\u1eb7c Warlpiri.<\/p>\n\n

Vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi l\u1ea1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef R\u00f4man nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1eadu t\u1ed1 “-ria” v\u1edbi danh t\u1eeb “aus” (nh\u00e0), c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “\u1edf” ho\u1eb7c “t\u1ea1i”. H\u1eadu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n\n

O’Shannessy l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb Lajamanu \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em<\/h3>\n\n

Tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n\n

Lajamanu \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc, mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1edbi theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef; n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Lajamanu. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba \u00dac khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/h3>\n\n

S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. C\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Warlpiri Rampaku: M\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1edbi \u1edf v\u00f9ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u00dac T\u1ea1i ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh Lajamanu thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng L\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 B\u1eafc \u00dac, ch\u00fang…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3817],"tags":[17531,17533,17532,1145,17530],"class_list":["post-12972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linguistics","tag-linguistic-innovation","tag-australian-outback","tag-language-birth","tag-language-evolution","tag-warlpiri-rampaku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12972"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12973,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12972\/revisions\/12973"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}