{"id":1300,"date":"2026-09-06T12:59:22","date_gmt":"2026-09-06T12:59:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1300"},"modified":"2026-09-06T12:59:22","modified_gmt":"2026-09-06T12:59:22","slug":"tornadoes-a-force-of-nature","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/meteorology\/tornadoes-a-force-of-nature\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00f3ng Xo\u00e1y: S\u1ee9c M\u1ea1nh T\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean V\u00e0 C\u00e1ch Chu\u1ea9n B\u1ecb An To\u00e0n"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tornado: M\u1ed9t L\u1ef1c L\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u1ee7a T\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tornado, nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n b\u00e3o d\u1eef d\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed quay, l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u00e8. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Tornado Alley, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u01a1n b\u00e3o ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i n\u00e0y t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tornado c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o, v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o trong n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ed3 T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1c L\u1ecbch S\u1eed Tornado<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tornado \u1edf bang, khu v\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed s\u00e2n sau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ecdi tornado \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1980 \u0111\u1ebfn 2012, bao g\u1ed3m chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean thang \u0111o Enhanced Fujita (EF).<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thang \u0110o Enhanced Fujita<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thang \u0111o Enhanced Fujita l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng tornado d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3. Thang \u0111o dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb EF0 (y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t) \u0111\u1ebfn EF5 (m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t). K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1980, Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua 21 tornado EF5, m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean thang \u0111o n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Qu\u00e1 Tr\u00ecnh H\u00ecnh Th\u00e0nh Tornado<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tornado h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea5m, \u1ea9m \u1edf t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n l\u00ean tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4 \u1edf t\u1ea7ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u01a1n gi\u00f4ng si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Si\u00eau t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f4ng xo\u00e1y, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra tornado, m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u01b0a l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00f9a Tornado<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00f9a tornado th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a h\u00e8, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo khu v\u1ef1c. D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1edbn, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 jet stream, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tornado.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tornado Alley<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tornado Alley l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c trung t\u00e2m Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t tornado cao. N\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Texas t\u1edbi ph\u00eda nam South Dakota. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tornado kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong Tornado Alley m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chu\u1ea9n B\u1ecb Khi C\u00f3 Tornado<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tornado c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 tornado:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o.<\/li>\n<li>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ed9 kit kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, n\u01b0\u1edbc, thu\u1ed1c s\u01a1 c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c men.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng c\u1eeda ch\u1edbp ch\u1ecbu b\u00e3o ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh di\u1ec5n t\u1eadp ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh tornado c\u00f9ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Khoa H\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u V\u1ec1 Tornado<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u01a1 quan Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0110\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n Qu\u1ed1c gia (NOAA) v\u00e0 Trung t\u00e2m D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o B\u00e3o (Storm Prediction Center) ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 tornado v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o. Trang Tornado Q&amp;A c\u1ee7a NOAA cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc tornado v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tornado Ngo\u00e0i Hoa K\u1ef3 L\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ecba<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tornado ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Hawaii \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn 39 tornado t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u1ebfn 2010, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 c\u01a1n l\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng xo\u00e1y h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 Alaska c\u0169ng tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng tornado hi\u1ebfm hoi khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tornado l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00ean cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tornado: M\u1ed9t L\u1ef1c L\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u1ee7a T\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean Tornado, nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n b\u00e3o d\u1eef d\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed quay, l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u1eb7c&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25558,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1278],"tags":[2940,97,1945,2939,2938],"class_list":["post-1300","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-meteorology","tag-safety","tag-science","tag-natural-disasters","tag-weather","tag-tornadoes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1300","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1300"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1300\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25559,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1300\/revisions\/25559"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1300"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1300"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1300"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}