{"id":13010,"date":"2026-02-01T16:47:19","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T16:47:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13010"},"modified":"2026-02-01T16:47:19","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T16:47:19","slug":"primate-origins-flowering-plants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/zoology\/primate-origins-flowering-plants\/","title":{"rendered":"Hoa thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng: Tr\u00e1i ng\u1ecdt, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 hoa<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00edch nghi s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a Linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u2013 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 tay v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o l\u1edbn \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n do l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1970, nh\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Matt Cartmill \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng s\u0103n b\u1eaft c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft S\u0103n c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng<\/h2>\n\n

Cartmill nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u0103n m\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 m\u00e8o hay c\u00fa \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1eaft h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1eaft con m\u1ed3i. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u01a1 khai c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u0103n c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng r\u0103ng h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u01a1 khai (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 plesiadapiform) tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft \u0102n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, cho r\u1eb1ng linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a song song v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 hoa. Thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u0103n c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u01a1 khai d\u00f9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef v\u00e0 th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y m\u1ea3nh mai v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, hoa v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb Plesiadapiform<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Robert Sussman, D. Tab Rasmussen v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Peter Raven \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y. Plesiadapiform \u2013 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u2013 c\u00f3 r\u0103ng h\u00e0m tr\u00f2n, th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch Carpolestes simpsoni cho th\u1ea5y lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tay v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, m\u00f3ng tay thay v\u00ec m\u00f3ng vu\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 h\u00e0m r\u0103ng cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n\n

Sussman v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu m\u1eaft h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf C. simpsoni cho th\u1ea5y th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n \u1edf linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1n r\u1eebng d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ee9c \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n

Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng leo tr\u00e8o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/h2>\n\n

Khi th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 hoa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a. Trong khi chim v\u00e0 d\u01a1i bay l\u00ean tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u1eadt hoa, linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u00fap leo tr\u00e8o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m tay v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00f3n ch\u00e2n c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch nghi<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p li\u00ean quan nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. Tay v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n n\u1eafm gi\u1eef gi\u00fap linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y. Th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebb th\u00f9. \u0110\u00f4i m\u1eaft h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1edf linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u01a1 khai, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1n r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 hoa. Linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u1edbi n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m tay v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u00f3m linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 hoa Nh\u1eefng th\u00edch nghi s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a Linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u2013 nh\u00f3m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25244,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[137,141,1591,2728,136],"class_list":["post-13010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-paleontology","tag-natural-history","tag-primatology","tag-plant-ecology","tag-evolution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13010","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13010"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13010\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25245,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13010\/revisions\/25245"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25244"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13010"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13010"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13010"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}