{"id":13040,"date":"2023-03-21T13:03:33","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T13:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13040"},"modified":"2023-03-21T13:03:33","modified_gmt":"2023-03-21T13:03:33","slug":"kiruna-a-town-on-the-move","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/environmental-science\/kiruna-a-town-on-the-move\/","title":{"rendered":"Kiruna: Th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kiruna: M\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n\n

Di d\u1eddi trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n

Kiruna, m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n nh\u1ecf \u1edf mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3: vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecf qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft ng\u1ea7m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ngay b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1ebd nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u01b0 d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i di d\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3, th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 di d\u1eddi \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 hai d\u1eb7m, t\u1eebng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng sinh<\/h2>\n\n

Trong h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua, Kiruna \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi m\u1ecf qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft LKAB, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecf \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Kiruna. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2004, LKAB \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e0o m\u1ecf theo m\u1ed9t s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c 60 \u0111\u1ed9 ngay b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, khi\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n 3.000 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n<\/h2>\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c di d\u1eddi th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Kiruna \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda do m\u1ecf g\u00e2y ra qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua.<\/p>\n\n

L\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ed9t Kiruna m\u1edbi<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 2011, White Arkitekter h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Ghilardi + Hellsten \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c thi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Kiruna m\u1edbi. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m; d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch th\u1ed5i b\u00f9ng hy v\u1ecdng n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00f4n vinh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Kiruna m\u1edbi bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, 21 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di d\u1eddi t\u1eebng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n m\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c di d\u1eddi Kiruna l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c di d\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i di d\u1eddi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho Kiruna m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/h2>\n\n

Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Kiruna l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t sinh khi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p giao thoa v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Kiruna ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c di d\u1eddi Kiruna nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, Kiruna \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau duy tr\u00ec b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c di d\u1eddi Kiruna l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c do s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7t ra, Kiruna \u0111ang t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1eeba b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u1eeba t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kiruna: M\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n Di d\u1eddi trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng Kiruna, m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n nh\u1ecf \u1edf mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[4552,20093,4086,120],"class_list":["post-13040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environmental-science","tag-urban-renewal","tag-community-resilience","tag-mining","tag-sustainability"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13040"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13040\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15039,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13040\/revisions\/15039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}