{"id":13213,"date":"2024-09-25T23:49:13","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T23:49:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13213"},"modified":"2024-09-25T23:49:13","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T23:49:13","slug":"erie-canal-catalyst-industrial-growth-urbanization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/history-of-science-and-technology\/erie-canal-catalyst-industrial-growth-urbanization\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie: Ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie: Ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/h2>\n\n

K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie, m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o n\u1ed1i S\u00f4ng Hudson v\u1edbi Ng\u0169 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed3, l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia. K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1eebng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 “S\u1ef1 \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Clinton”, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o n\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh lang giao th\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ef3 quan v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o, Benjamin Wright, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ki\u00ean tr\u00ec, \u0111\u00e0o xuy\u00ean qua nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u1ed9 cao b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2u thuy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n

B\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 kinh t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf c\u1eeda K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1825 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Philadelphia v\u00e0 Boston. H\u00e0nh lang k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa Trung T\u00e2y v\u00e0 B\u1edd \u0110\u00f4ng, bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n\n

Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse v\u00e0 Schenectady n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1edd K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie. Buffalo tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3ng ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, trong khi Rochester n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m xay x\u00e1t. Syracuse th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 Schenectady thu h\u00fat nh\u1eefng g\u00e3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 Thomas Edison, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 trong \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft Ng\u1ea7m<\/h2>\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i \u00fd ngh\u0129a kinh t\u1ebf, K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft Ng\u1ea7m. Harriet Tubman v\u00e0 Frederick Douglass ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, cung c\u1ea5p n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u1ef1 do. Tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o, gi\u00fap h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed ng\u00e0y nay<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i tr\u00ean K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e8o thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e2u c\u00e1 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e8o thuy\u1ec1n Great Loopers, \u0111i v\u00f2ng quanh B\u1edd \u0110\u00f4ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u0103ng qua v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o thu h\u00fat du kh\u00e1ch mu\u1ed1n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef3 quan k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n\n

Khi ch\u00fang ta tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 huy ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie ng\u00e0y nay<\/h2>\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 phi\u00eau l\u01b0u. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e8o thuy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 thong th\u1ea3, tu\u00e2n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m c\u1ee7a k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o: “cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean l\u00e0n ch\u1eadm”. V\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00ean t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u01b0 th\u00e1i gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u1ed3n \u00e0o, mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie: Ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed K\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Erie, m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y nh\u00e2n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24441,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17819],"tags":[305,17815,17816,1073,99,7653,17818,17817,2046,4677],"class_list":["post-13213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-of-science-and-technology","tag-tourism","tag-erie-canal","tag-industrial-growth","tag-engineering-marvel","tag-lifescienceart","tag-economic-development","tag-recreational-boating","tag-transportation-corridor","tag-urbanization","tag-historical-significance"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13213","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13213"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13213\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24442,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13213\/revisions\/24442"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24441"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}