{"id":13327,"date":"2024-07-22T08:56:19","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T08:56:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13327"},"modified":"2024-07-22T08:56:19","modified_gmt":"2024-07-22T08:56:19","slug":"crocodile-tool-use-surprising-intelligence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/animal-behavior\/crocodile-tool-use-surprising-intelligence\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1 s\u1ea5u: Th\u1ee3 s\u0103n x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1 s\u1ea5u: Th\u1ee3 s\u0103n x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c<\/h2>\n\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1 s\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u m\u00f5m ng\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng minh, nh\u01b0ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u: ch\u00fang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t n\u00e0y c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y v\u00e0 nh\u00e1nh c\u00e2y tr\u00ean m\u00f5m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u00f9a l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng con chim kh\u00f4ng nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u1edf nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i s\u0103n m\u1ed3i<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i s\u0103n m\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee5 d\u1ed7 con m\u1ed3i. L\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1ee7a r\u00f9a c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con s\u00e2u, trong khi c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e8n l\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng thu h\u00fat nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n mi\u1ec7ng ch\u00fang. Tinh tinh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ki\u1ebfn, c\u00f2n c\u00e1 heo d\u00f9ng b\u1ecdt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ee9c \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed3i c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u<\/h2>\n\n

Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u m\u00f5m ng\u1eafn. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u00ecnh \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a chim, tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00fac g\u1ed7 tr\u00f4i. Khi nh\u1eefng con chim kh\u00f4ng nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n, b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y tr\u00ean m\u00f5m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u0103n m\u1ed3i s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n

Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/h2>\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi m\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u M\u1ef9 \u1edf Louisiana. H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 chim v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t n\u00e0y c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh c\u00e2y l\u00e0m m\u1ed3i nh\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, Vladimir Dinets, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu v\u1ec1 c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u m\u00f5m ng\u1eafn l\u00e0 “l\u1edd \u0111\u1edd, ngu ng\u1ed1c v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n ch\u00e1n”. \u00d4ng tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng sinh th\u00e1i<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00f9a chim l\u00e0m t\u1ed5, l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c tinh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u. H\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u0103n b\u1eaft th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n

Ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh \u1ea9n<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u1edf c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi<\/h2>\n\n

M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u, s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f9a nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho ch\u00fang khai th\u00e1c m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n

H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c sinh th\u00e1i. H\u00e0nh vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1 s\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u m\u00f5m ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u0103n m\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c tinh vi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1 s\u1ea5u: Th\u1ee3 s\u0103n x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u C\u00e1 s\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u m\u00f5m ng\u1eafn th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23919,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[542,929,254,309,2097,97,99,1590,252],"class_list":["post-13327","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-crocodiles","tag-alligators","tag-wildlife","tag-animal-behavior","tag-cognitive-abilities","tag-science","tag-lifescienceart","tag-tool-use","tag-nature"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13327","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13327"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13327\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13328,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13327\/revisions\/13328"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13327"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13327"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13327"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}