{"id":13357,"date":"2023-04-04T22:44:30","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T22:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13357"},"modified":"2023-04-04T22:44:30","modified_gmt":"2023-04-04T22:44:30","slug":"humans-caused-major-shift-earths-ecosystems-6000-years-ago","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/ecology-and-evolution\/humans-caused-major-shift-earths-ecosystems-6000-years-ago\/","title":{"rendered":"Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 6.000 n\u0103m: K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean Nh\u00e2n sinh m\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t 6.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh: K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Trong h\u01a1n 300 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n: c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 6.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m tra g\u1ea7n 360.000 c\u1eb7p sinh v\u1eadt t\u1eeb 80 qu\u1ea7n x\u00e3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc 6.000 n\u0103m, 64% c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p lo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00f9ng nhau trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau 6.000 n\u0103m, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 37%. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y v\u1edbi nhau h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. H\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 chia c\u1eaft m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00f3 \u00edt k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a m\u1edbi?<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a m\u1edbi. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 ra th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111ang c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn sinh quy\u1ec3n. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 du nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Lyons c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p trong h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 k\u1ef7 Nh\u00e2n sinh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u1ebd tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c?<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh quy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<li>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd ra sao?<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t 6.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh: K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5143],"tags":[137,395,3490,3782,342,640,3774,136],"class_list":["post-13357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ecology-and-evolution","tag-paleontology","tag-biodiversity","tag-ecosystems","tag-scienceart","tag-life-science","tag-human-impact","tag-anthropocene","tag-evolution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13357"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13357\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13358,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13357\/revisions\/13358"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}