{"id":134,"date":"2020-08-02T19:02:31","date_gmt":"2020-08-02T19:02:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=134"},"modified":"2020-08-02T19:02:31","modified_gmt":"2020-08-02T19:02:31","slug":"rediscovering-lost-medieval-melodies-the-consolation-of-philosophy-comes-to-life","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/art\/music\/rediscovering-lost-medieval-melodies-the-consolation-of-philosophy-comes-to-life\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u trung c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t: S\u1ef1 an \u1ee7i c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u trung c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t: S\u1ef1 an \u1ee7i c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n

B\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 trang b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t t\u00edch<\/h2>\n\n

T\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cambridge, m\u1ed9t b\u00ed \u1ea9n h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e9 m\u1edf. M\u1ed9t trang trong b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o “B\u00e0i h\u00e1t Cambridge” th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI, ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c trung c\u1ed5 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1, \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1840. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 sau, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Margaret Gibson t\u00ecnh c\u1edd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trang b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t t\u00edch trong m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u1edf Frankfurt, th\u1eafp l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

D\u1ecbch k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c<\/h2>\n\n

K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “neume”, ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o giai \u0111i\u1ec7u chung, \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i. Th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u Benjamin Bagby, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 gh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c giai \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Boethius, mang l\u1ea1i \u00e2m thanh cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 im l\u1eb7ng trong h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n

Di s\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a Boethius<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 an \u1ee7i c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi tri\u1ebft gia La M\u00e3 Boethius trong th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9 v\u00ec t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan, \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cai tr\u1ecb su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Boethius \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u Trung c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft<\/h2>\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia Cambridge Sam Barrett, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Boethius bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n tinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Barrett \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u00e1c neume, tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Bagby \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u. Th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 sai s\u00f3t t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, h\u1ecd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u1ea3m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u trung c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n

Tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

“\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac trong khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11”, Barrett nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t. “\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o”. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Boethius \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng qua v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e2m thanh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h2>\n\n

Chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Benjamin Bagby \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ed5i h\u1ed3n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Boethius. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i giai \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Bagby cho th\u1ea5y vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u01b0ng c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c Boethius<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Boethius kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. Th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Boethius \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng suy ng\u1eabm tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 an \u1ee7i cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n t\u00f9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Boethius l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf kh\u00f3a nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 mang nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u trung c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t: S\u1ef1 an \u1ee7i c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng B\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 trang b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t t\u00edch T\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[327],"tags":[376,379,380,377,378],"class_list":["post-134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-music","tag-medieval-music","tag-consolation-of-philosophy","tag-boethius","tag-lost-treasures","tag-music-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=134"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":135,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134\/revisions\/135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}