{"id":13416,"date":"2022-02-21T14:05:22","date_gmt":"2022-02-21T14:05:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13416"},"modified":"2022-02-21T14:05:22","modified_gmt":"2022-02-21T14:05:22","slug":"honeybees-for-land-mine-detection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/zoology\/honeybees-for-land-mine-detection\/","title":{"rendered":"Ong m\u1eadt: Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y d\u00f2 m\u00ecn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, mang l\u1ea1i hy v\u1ecdng cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ong m\u1eadt: Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y d\u00f2 m\u00ecn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ong m\u1eadt ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecn<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u1ea1i Croatia, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang ti\u00ean phong trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecn, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ong m\u1eadt. M\u00ecn, nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nguy hi\u1ec3m g\u00e2y ra v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong cho d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1eadu xung \u0111\u1ed9t. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u1ee1 m\u00ecn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00f3 v\u00e0 chu\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro, v\u00ec tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 m\u00ecn nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ong m\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u1ee9u gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u00ecn. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00f9i thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 TNT, ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u00ecn, v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n cho ong ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng pha v\u1edbi TNT, h\u1ecd thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa m\u00f9i thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecn trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, ong m\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u00ecn. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t TNT trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Khi m\u1ed9t con ong x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 m\u00ecn, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u1ea3y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 m\u00ecn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ong m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecn<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ong m\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecn kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9:<\/strong> Ong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay qua c\u00e1c b\u00e3i m\u00ecn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u00fang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong> Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ong m\u1eadt \u00edt t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c chu\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> Ong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao ph\u1ee7 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i:<\/strong> Ong kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m phi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecn<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u00ecn c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi xung \u0111\u1ed9t. Ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong, th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh s\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, m\u00ecn c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ch\u00fang c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c, ch\u0103n th\u1ea3 gia s\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 di d\u1eddi k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. M\u00ecn c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, gieo r\u1eafc c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ea5t an v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ong m\u1eadt trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00e0 ph\u00e1 bom m\u00ecn v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ong m\u1eadt c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00e0 ph\u00e1 bom m\u00ecn v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecn, ong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean an to\u00e0n cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ong m\u1eadt trong ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecn v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n. Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, ong m\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng m\u00ecn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ong m\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i vai tr\u00f2 trong ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecn, ong m\u1eadt c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c cho h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n:<\/strong> Ong m\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1eadt ong:<\/strong> Ong m\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1eadt ong, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o ng\u1ecdt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> Ong m\u1eadt h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khai th\u00e1c nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ong m\u1eadt, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb m\u00ecn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ong m\u1eadt: Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y d\u00f2 m\u00ecn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ong m\u1eadt ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00ecn T\u1ea1i Croatia, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang ti\u00ean phong trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[18086,395,18085,2976,18084,2978],"class_list":["post-13416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-animal-behavior-training","tag-biodiversity","tag-humanitarian-mine-action","tag-honeybees","tag-land-mine-detection","tag-pollination"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13416"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13417,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13416\/revisions\/13417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}