{"id":13492,"date":"2023-11-29T23:49:05","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T23:49:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13492"},"modified":"2023-11-29T23:49:05","modified_gmt":"2023-11-29T23:49:05","slug":"f8fe66800595926126e0f7aead5edaee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/biology\/f8fe66800595926126e0f7aead5edaee\/","title":{"rendered":"f8fe66800595926126e0f7aead5edaee"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t \u201ctuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1edd DNA<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ea3o Hunter<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

N\u0103m 1983, ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Tasmania, m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc: b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 “chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ea3o Hunter”. Lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt b\u00ed \u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 lang thang tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 800 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n\n

Ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ea3o Hunter. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u nh\u1edd DNA<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t DNA t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u DNA hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch di truy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ba lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng: chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t m\u00e0o Fiordland, chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t m\u00e0o Snares v\u00e0 chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra ti\u1ebfp theo cho th\u1ea5y ba lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng sinh s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Hunter v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sau khi ch\u1ebft. S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a DNA c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m DNA c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ea3o Hunter.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i lo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt c\u0169 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111ang x\u00f3a m\u1edd ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u00e1i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

Khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khai th\u00e1c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch DNA, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ed m\u1eadt h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a trong x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u00ed \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t \u201ctuy\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1edd DNA C\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i chim c\u00e1nh c\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ea3o Hunter N\u0103m 1983, ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Tasmania,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[288],"tags":[1279,17995,741,2727,18189],"class_list":["post-13492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biology","tag-extinct-species","tag-penguin","tag-zoology","tag-taxonomy","tag-dna-analysis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13492","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13492"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13492\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13493,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13492\/revisions\/13493"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13492"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13492"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13492"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}