{"id":13544,"date":"2022-10-01T10:16:51","date_gmt":"2022-10-01T10:16:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13544"},"modified":"2022-10-01T10:16:51","modified_gmt":"2022-10-01T10:16:51","slug":"the-long-and-adorable-history-of-pandas-in-america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/wildlife-conservation\/the-long-and-adorable-history-of-pandas-in-america\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1edf M\u1ef9"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1edf M\u1ef9<\/h2>\n\n

S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1936, Su Lin, m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbn m\u1edbi ba th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn San Francisco v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t M\u1ef9. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eef nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u Ruth Harkness b\u1ebf tr\u00ean tay, Su Lin \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm tr\u1ecdn tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c gia. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n

C\u01a1n s\u1ed1t g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c s\u1edf th\u00fa \u0111\u00e3 r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft gi\u00e0nh gi\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 n\u00e0y, b\u1eaft ch\u00fang t\u1eeb t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930, “c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac” \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed5 x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn m\u1eaft chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n<\/h2>\n\n

WWF ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1936 \u0111\u1ebfn 1946, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 14 c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i b\u1eaft kh\u1ecfi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee3 s\u0103n g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950, qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng 0.<\/p>\n\n

Ngo\u1ea1i giao g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1957, Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u00e0m qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng ngo\u1ea1i giao. Ping Ping, ch\u00fa g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a Ping Ping \u0111\u00e3 suy gi\u1ea3m do kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u1edf Moscow.<\/p>\n\n

Chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m c\u1ee7a Nixon v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 1972, chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Richard Nixon t\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3. Ling-Ling v\u00e0 Hsing-Hsing \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng cho n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau m\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 n\u0103m l\u1ee9a con trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a Ling-Ling v\u00e0 Hsing-Hsing \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Smithsonian \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadp t\u00ednh sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n

C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i m\u01b0\u1ee3n g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. Mei Xiang v\u00e0 Tian Tian t\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u1eddn th\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra ba ch\u00fa g\u1ea5u con c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng: Tai Shan, Bao Bao v\u00e0 Bei Bei. Nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng lo\u00e0i nguy c\u1ea5p<\/h2>\n\n

N\u0103m 2016, lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nguy c\u1ea5p do m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eabn \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u00e0 sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n Stuart Pimm nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong c\u00e1c s\u1edf th\u00fa nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. Ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1edf th\u00fa cung c\u1ea5p cho g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111ang cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111e d\u1ecda nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau m\u1ebfn n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbn.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1edf M\u1ef9 S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean N\u0103m 1936, Su Lin, m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa g\u1ea5u tr\u00fac…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[405],"tags":[401,254,741,1531,18252,3277],"class_list":["post-13544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-wildlife-conservation","tag-conservation","tag-wildlife","tag-zoology","tag-united-states","tag-pandas","tag-china"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13544"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13545,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13544\/revisions\/13545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}