V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng qua v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00f4ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Nelson-Atkins \u1edf Kansas City mua l\u1ea1i, b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee5p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi b\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n \u1edf Georgia \u0111ang t\u1ea1o d\u00e1ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch. Ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecf b\u00f4ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u, trong khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nh\u00ecn ra t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gi\u1ebfng, nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n
C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia tin r\u1eb1ng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p \u1edf Qu\u1eadn Greene, Georgia, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1850. C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n, Samuel T. Gentry, \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111ang mang nh\u1eefng g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 n\u00e9t m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 cam ch\u1ecbu. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ch\u00f3 \u0111ang gi\u1eb1ng co tr\u00ean d\u00e2y x\u00edch cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi b\u00f4ng, b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh Gentry daguerreotype l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n ven bi\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype c\u0169ng l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn. Samuel Gentry kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n \u01b0u t\u00fa, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c mua \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n
S\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch trong b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n Nam. C\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u00e1p b\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp \u1ea3nh daguerreotype c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Nelson-Atkins bao g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00e3i n\u00f4 nh\u01b0 Frederick Douglass, Harriet Beecher Stowe v\u00e0 Lucretia Mott. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n t\u1ed9i \u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00e3i b\u1ecf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype Gentry l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n
B\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd ghi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 qua. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh trong vi\u1ec7c ghi l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00f4ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u: M\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh daguerreotype V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[18349,18346,18350,350,18348,18347,765],"class_list":["post-13624","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-plantation-life","tag-enslaved-individuals","tag-historical-record","tag-daguerreotype","tag-antebellum-south","tag-cotton-industry","tag-slavery"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13624"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13625,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13624\/revisions\/13625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}