{"id":13727,"date":"2022-11-08T10:41:46","date_gmt":"2022-11-08T10:41:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13727"},"modified":"2022-11-08T10:41:46","modified_gmt":"2022-11-08T10:41:46","slug":"oklahomas-botched-execution-lethal-injection-problems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/life-science\/oklahomas-botched-execution-lethal-injection-problems\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft sai l\u1ea7m \u1edf Oklahoma: \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 \u1edf Oklahoma cho th\u1ea5y sai s\u00f3 khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft Clayton D. Lockett b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2014, v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft Clayton D. Lockett \u1edf Oklahoma \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7. Lockett, b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n t\u1ed9i gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ba lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i y khoa v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Lockett v\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n \u0111au tim l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a Clayton D. Lockett \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1890 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2010, \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng ba ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra sai s\u00f3. S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3y ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n<p>Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>C\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c v\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u khi b\u1ecb treo c\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Oklahoma ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p thu\u1ed1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n\n<p>Oklahoma v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p thu\u1ed1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p thu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c pha ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft Lockett ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf Florida, v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng midazolam cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng Lockett v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u1ecbch h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft, Charles Warner, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con chu\u1ed9t b\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n\n<p>Lockett v\u00e0 Warner \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u01a1n ki\u1ec7n, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd theo Tu ch\u00ednh \u00e1n th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u00e0n \u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n<p>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft trong v\u00f2ng 48 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sai s\u00f3 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft<\/h2>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia tin r\u1eb1ng v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft Clayton D. Lockett b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do sai s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p thu\u1ed1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ao ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eam l\u1ec7ch ven c\u1ee7a Lockett, khi\u1ebfn thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gi\u1ea3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0ng \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3. N\u0103m 2013, c\u00e1c b\u1ed3i th\u1ea9m \u0111o\u00e0n Hoa K\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a ra 80 b\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong 40 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n<p>T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2013, c\u00f3 3.088 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111ang trong di\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, gi\u1ea3m so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec9nh 3.593 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2000.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a Clayton D. Lockett \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u00e0n \u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o, d\u1ec5 x\u1ea3y ra sai s\u00f3t v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111ang xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft thay th\u1ebf, trong khi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec3u bang kh\u00e1c \u0111ang tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e3i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 \u1edf Oklahoma cho th\u1ea5y sai s\u00f3 khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c V\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft Clayton D. Lockett&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[398],"tags":[18462,18460,18461,69,17112],"class_list":["post-13727","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-life-science","tag-botched-execution","tag-death-penalty","tag-lethal-injection","tag-human-rights","tag-oklahoma"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13727","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13727"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13727\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13728,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13727\/revisions\/13728"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13727"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13727"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13727"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}