{"id":13770,"date":"2019-04-12T22:32:56","date_gmt":"2019-04-12T22:32:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13770"},"modified":"2019-04-12T22:32:56","modified_gmt":"2019-04-12T22:32:56","slug":"abandoned-buildings-liberia-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/uncategorized\/abandoned-buildings-liberia-history\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 b\u1ecf hoang c\u1ee7a Liberia: Di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 b\u1ecf hoang: Di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Liberia<\/h2>\n\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Liberia: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u0169<\/h2>\n\n

Liberia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1822 b\u1edfi Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Hoa K\u1ef3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n cho nh\u1eefng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i sao ch\u00e9p s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3. H\u1ecd t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Congo, v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1n trang cao su.<\/p>\n\n

Nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tubman: Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i<\/h2>\n\n

William Vacanarat Shadrach Tubman, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Liberia, cai tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1944 \u0111\u1ebfn 1971. Trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Tubman \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda Liberia cho \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, v\u00e0 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Congo v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u00e2m \u1ec9.<\/p>\n\n

Harper: M\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi thu nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9<\/h2>\n\n

Harper, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1edf \u0111\u00f4ng nam Liberia, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng qua v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. Nh\u1eefng khu ph\u1ed1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn tranh, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng dinh th\u1ef1 theo phong c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y im l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ma qu\u00e1i. Nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh gia Glenna Gordon \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 b\u00e0 coi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Congo: Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a xung \u0111\u1ed9t<\/h2>\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Congo n\u1ed5 ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1980 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c do ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 Samuel Doe l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Doe \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 chia r\u1ebd v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Liberia.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9<\/h2>\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn n\u1eafm gi\u1eef \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2006, l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u00e0, Liberia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n

K\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng y\u00ean b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 v\u00e0 1970, khi Liberia tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Congo v\u1eabn nu\u00f4i m\u1ed1i h\u1eadn th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u00e1p b\u1ee9c h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 Masonic: Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9<\/h2>\n\n

Nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 Masonic \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 tham gia. Ng\u00e0y nay, Nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 Masonic v\u1eabn l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 suy y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n

Trung t\u00e2m Y t\u1ebf John F. Kennedy: Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n<\/h2>\n\n

Trung t\u00e2m Y t\u1ebf John F. Kennedy \u1edf Monrovia t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i thu h\u00fat b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 gi\u1edd m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a r\u1eb1ng JFK l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a “Just for Killing” (ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft). S\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m y t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 Liberia ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n

Bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Tubman: Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n<\/h2>\n\n

Bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Tubman \u1edf Harper hi\u1ec7n b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n v\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh \u1edf Liberia trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Liberia g\u1ed1c M\u1ef9, hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 b\u1ecf hoang: Di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Liberia L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Liberia: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u0169 Liberia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[18516,18517,18518,15759,27,18519],"class_list":["post-13770","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-abandoned-buildings","tag-americo-liberians","tag-congos","tag-liberia","tag-history","tag-tubman"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13770","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13770"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13770\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13771,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13770\/revisions\/13771"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13770"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13770"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}