{"id":13854,"date":"2022-02-22T10:33:52","date_gmt":"2022-02-22T10:33:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13854"},"modified":"2022-02-22T10:33:52","modified_gmt":"2022-02-22T10:33:52","slug":"paying-greed-forward-the-surprising-truth-about-human-behavior","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/social-psychology\/paying-greed-forward-the-surprising-truth-about-human-behavior\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n: L\u00f2ng tham l\u1ea5n \u00e1t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n: L\u00f2ng tham l\u1ea5n \u00e1t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i: m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n l\u00f2ng tham \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp theo \u00edt ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u00fat s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb<\/h2>\n\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eed t\u1ebf v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 chung c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. B\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 qua c\u00f3 l\u1ea1i, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n l\u00f2ng tham: M\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n<\/h2>\n\n<p>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n l\u00f2ng tham c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0 x\u1eed t\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. V\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u00e0m x\u00f3i m\u00f2n l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng<\/h2>\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng lan truy\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n s\u1ef1 h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng trong khi nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u00edch c\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng trong h\u00e0nh vi t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i**<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u h\u00e0nh vi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00fang g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng domino, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y lan nh\u01b0 l\u00f2ng tham.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf**<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eed t\u1ebf v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 chu k\u1ef3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a:<\/strong> C\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n hay tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m:<\/strong> Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u01a1n nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00e0i h\u00f2a h\u01a1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n: L\u00f2ng tham l\u1ea5n \u00e1t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18643],"tags":[18642,6021,4685,16675,6605,18640,99,18639,18638,18637,18641],"class_list":["post-13854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-social-psychology","tag-shared-identity","tag-social-norms","tag-fairness","tag-human-behavior","tag-kindness","tag-generosity","tag-lifescienceart","tag-negativity","tag-greed","tag-paying-it-forward","tag-reciprocity"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13854"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13855,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13854\/revisions\/13855"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}