{"id":13913,"date":"2022-03-21T18:29:58","date_gmt":"2022-03-21T18:29:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13913"},"modified":"2022-03-21T18:29:58","modified_gmt":"2022-03-21T18:29:58","slug":"otters-social-learning-foraging","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/science\/animal-behavior\/otters-social-learning-foraging\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e1i c\u00e1: b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia ki\u1ebfm \u0103n"},"content":{"rendered":"

R\u00e1i c\u00e1: b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia ki\u1ebfm \u0103n<\/h2>\n\n

H\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf r\u00e1i c\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n

R\u00e1i c\u00e1 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng minh, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb nhau \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Royal Society Open Science \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u00e1i c\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch ki\u1ebfm \u0103n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng con r\u00e1i c\u00e1 kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho nh\u1eefng con r\u00e1i c\u00e1 vu\u1ed1t ng\u1eafn ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean th\u1ecbt vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng con r\u00e1i c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 nhanh h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 sau khi ch\u00fang quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng r\u00e1i c\u00e1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ebfm \u0103n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ebfm \u0103n c\u1ee7a r\u00e1i c\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n

Ki\u1ebfm \u0103n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 v\u1ecf s\u00f2. R\u00e1i c\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi ki\u1ebfm \u0103n chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ebfm \u0103n c\u1ee7a r\u00e1i c\u00e1. Nh\u1eefng con r\u00e1i c\u00e1 trong nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm khu v\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfm \u0103n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n, nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n r\u00e1i c\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf r\u00e1i c\u00e1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. R\u00e1i c\u00e1 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i then ch\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n

Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch r\u00e1i c\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1ch r\u00e1i c\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng con r\u00e1i c\u00e1 nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t c\u00e1ch b\u1ebb v\u1ecf c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3 ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y r\u00e1i c\u00e1 nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn con m\u1ed3i m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con r\u00e1i c\u00e1 vu\u1ed1t ng\u1eafn ch\u00e2u \u00c1 hoang d\u00e3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng con r\u00e1i c\u00e1 nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho nh\u1eefng con r\u00e1i c\u00e1 nu\u00f4i nh\u1ed1t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con r\u00e1i c\u00e1 ki\u1ebfm \u0103n nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i th\u1ea3 r\u00e1i c\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 r\u00e1i c\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 r\u00e1i c\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ea5t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00e1nh b\u1eaft qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u00e1i c\u00e1 vu\u1ed1t ng\u1eafn ch\u00e2u \u00c1, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng con m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 r\u00e1i c\u00e1. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ebfm \u0103n c\u1ee7a r\u00e1i c\u00e1, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n

R\u00e1i c\u00e1 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb nhau \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u00e0nh vi ki\u1ebfm \u0103n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch r\u00e1i c\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u00e1i c\u00e1: b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia ki\u1ebfm \u0103n H\u1ecdc t\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf r\u00e1i c\u00e1 R\u00e1i c\u00e1 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng minh, c\u00f3…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[401,254,18729,15600,18730],"class_list":["post-13913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-conservation","tag-wildlife","tag-social-learning","tag-otters","tag-foraging"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13913","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13913"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13913\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13914,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13913\/revisions\/13914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}